148 MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



ward and lifted as in budding. The scion is then inserted under the 

 bark. A small implement of wood or ivory made in the form of the 

 scion can be used to advantage in preparing a place to insert the 

 scion. 



Tongue or whip-grafting is the method most commonly used in 

 nurseries. For grafting young fruit trees where the stock and 

 scion are nearly equal the scion is prepared with a long sloping cut 

 and the stock in the same manner. A small cleft or split is made 

 about midway of the cut portion of both stock and scion; these are 

 joined together and bound with wax cloths, then heeled in boxes 

 of sand or earth and planted out in spring, leaving one eye above 

 the surface. 



All methods of grafting can be used on root grafting. The 

 peony, begonia, wistaria, rose, clematis, dahlia and many others 

 can be successfully worked on roots. 



Side-grafting is one of the best method% of propagating hard 

 wood under glass and can be practiced from November to April 

 and from August to October. In this method of grafting all plants 

 should be potted the spring before. In grafting select a smooth 

 place on the stock and with a sharp knife make a slight cut down- 

 ward in tlie stock and slightly into the wood, then insert the blade 

 two or more inches above, cutting off a thin slice of the wood down 

 to the cross cut. A corresponding slice is taken off the scion. 

 They are then fitted together so that the two meet, tied firmly 

 together and placed in closed frames in the greenhouse, lightly 

 sprinkled overhead when necessary. The frames must be kept 

 closed the first few days but as soon as the grafts begin to unite 

 more air must be given and gradually harden them off. 



Budding consists in taking a bud with a portion of bark attached 

 to it and inserting it in some portion of another tree. In order to 

 do this a longitudinal incision is made through the bark of the 

 stock to the wood; a cross cut is then made at the upper end, 

 forming a letter T, into which a bud previously prepared is inserted. 

 Some people remove the inner bark and some retain it. I do not 

 think it makes much difference. The best buds are those in the 

 center of the stem. As soon as scions are cut the leaf blades should 

 be removed, leaving a small portion of the leaf stock which facilitates 

 the handling of the bud. When the bud is fitted, bind it with bass 



