Various Accessories 243 



screen it from the pleasure grounds, it should be composed 

 only of shrubs. 



All round the inside of a kitchen garden, whether it have 

 walls or not, there should be a border of greater or less width, 

 that according to its aspect the various kinds of suitable 

 plants that take up little space or require a peculiar position 

 may find their proper place. Such borders are still more 

 requisite when there are walls, to give space for the roots of 

 fruit trees to spread in them and to bring the trees more 

 thoroughly within reach. They may vary in width from six 

 to twelve or fifteen feet, with reference to the size of the 

 garden and the kind of tree that has to be cultivated in 

 them and the height of the walls. Borders with a warm sunny 

 aspect may be wider than such as are colder and more shaded. 



On the inner side of the walks and either at the front or 

 back of another small border, a good place for fruit trees 

 treated as espaliers will be found. When walls are not used 

 or there are not enough of them for growing such things as 

 some of the better kinds of pears, espalier fences will be a 

 good substitute and may sometimes be employed with advan- 

 tage for apples likewise. Strong wire fences about six feet 

 high for espaliers are now mostly preferred to wooden ones 

 for appearance and durability, and they are also more con- 

 venient because of the smallness and roundness of the bars. 

 In the absence of espaliers, however, these inside borders 

 may be appropriated to dwarf pear, apple, cherry, or plum 

 trees, and if the space permit to gooseberries and currants 

 as well. The borders which run north and south should 

 generally be devoted to espalier and other trees, and goose- 

 berry, currant, raspberry, or other bushes be put on the bor- 

 ders that take a contrary direction. This rule is derived 

 from the amount of shade cast by trees, however dwarf they 

 may be. 



