210 



NATURE 



[May 4, 191 6 



The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. By L. H. 

 Bailey. Vol. iii. Pp. v+ 1201 to 1760. Vol. iv. 

 Pp. V+1761 to 2421. (New York: The Macmillan 

 Company; London: Macmillan and Co'., Ltd.) Each 

 25s. net. 



Wye Salmon : Results of Scale-Reading, 1908-1915. 

 By J. A. Hutton. Pp. 24. (Manchester : Sherratt 

 and Hughes.) 



British Museum (Natural History). British Ant- 

 arctic {Terra Nova) Expedition, 1910. Natural His- 

 tory Report. Zoology. Vol. i., No. 4: Larval and 

 Post-Larval Fishes. By C. Tate Regan. Pp. 125-155. 

 Zoology. Vol. ii. No. 6 : Myzostomida. By Dr. 

 C. L. Boulenger. Pp. 135-140+ 1 plate. (London: 

 British Museum (Natural History) ; Longmans and 

 Co.) 9s. and is. respectively. 



A Class-Book of Chemistry. By G. C. Donington. 

 Part iv. Metals. Pp. vii + 40 1-534. (London : 

 Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 25. 



■ Diseases of Poultry : their Etiology, Diagnosis, 

 Treatment, and Prevention. By R. Pearl, F. M. Sur- 

 face, and M. R. Curtis. Pp. xi + 342. (London : 

 Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 8s. 6d. net. 



Publications of the U.S. Naval Observatory. Second 

 series. Vol. ix. (in four parts, with appendix). 

 Part ii. Pp. iii + B. vli + B. 759. (Washington: 

 Government Printing Office.) 



Memoirs of the Indian Meteorological Department. 

 Vol. xxl., part xiii. : On the Calcutta Standard Baro- 

 meter. By E. P. Harrison. (Calcutta : Government 

 Printing.)' 



The Pathology of Tumours. By Dr. E. H. Kettle. 

 Pp. viii + 224. (London: H. K. Lewis and Co., Ltd.) 

 JOS. 6d. net. 



Madras Government Museum. The Foote Collec- 

 tion of Indian Prehistoric and Protohlstoric Antiqui- 

 ties : Notes on their Ages and Distribution. By R. B. 

 Foote. Pp. XV 4- 246 + plates 64. (Madras: Superin- 

 tendent Government Press.) 14s. 8d. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, May 4. 



Royal Institution, at 3.— Flints and Flint Implements: Sir Ray 

 Lankester. 



Iron and Steel Institute, at 10.30. — Presidential Address. Papers : 

 Notes on the Theory of the Corrosion of Steel : L. Aitchison. — Notes on 

 the Relations between the Cutting Efficiencies of Tool Steels and their 

 Brinell or Scleroscope Hardnesses : Prof. J. O. Arnold.— A New Thermo- 

 Electric Method of Studying Allotropic Changes in Iron or other Me'als : 

 Dr. C. Benedicks.— Initial Temperature and Critical Cooling Velocities of 

 a Chromium Steel : Dr. C. A. Edwards.— The Influence of CarHon and 

 Manganese upon the Corrosion of Iron and Steel : Sir Robert Hadfield 



. and Dr.' J. N. Friend. — Early Experiments on the Recalescence of Iron 

 and Steel : A. Mallock. — A Few Experiments on the Hardness Testing of 

 Mild Steel : W. N. Thomas.— Surface Tension Effects in the Iiiter- 

 _ crystalline Cement in Metals and the Elastic Limit : F. C. Thompson. 



LiNNEAN Society, at 5.— The Origin of the Garden Red Currant : E. A. 

 Bunyard. — The IJispersal of Organisms, as Illustrated by the Floras of 

 Ceylon and New Zealand: Dr. J. C. Willis.— A Study of the Rectal 

 Breathing Apparatus in the Larvae of the Anisopterid Dragonflies : R. J. 

 Tillyard. — Description of a New Species of Idotea (Isopoda) from the 

 Sea of Marmora : W. E. Collinge. 



Institute of Metals, at 8.30.— Sixth May Lecture : X-Rays and Crystal 

 Structure, with Special Referfence to Certain Metals : Prof. W. H. Bragg. 



FRTDAV, May 5. 

 RcYAL Institution, at 5.30.— Electrical Methods in Surgical Advance: 

 , Sir J. Mackenzie David-son. 



Iron and Steel Institute, at 10.— ^See above.) 



Geologists' Association, at 7. 30. — Field Notes on the Faunal Succession 

 in the Lower Carboniferous Rocks of Westmorland and North 

 Lancashire : Prof. E. J. Garwood. 



SATURDAY, U\\ 6. 

 Royal Institution, at 3. — X-Rays and Crystals : Prof. W. H. Bragg. 



MONO A Y, May 8. 



Royal Geographical Society, at 8.30. — Travels in Ecuador : Jordan H. 

 Stabler. 



Royal Society of Arts, at 4.30. — Vibrations, Waves, and Resonance: 

 Dr. J. Erskine-Murray. 



TUESDAY, May 9. 



RovAL Institution, at 3. — Chinese Painting : L. Binyon. 



Zoological Socif.ty, at 5.30. — A Small Collection of Vertebrate Remains 

 from the Har Dalam Cavern, Malta, with Note on a New Species of the 

 Genus Cygnus : Miss Dorothea M. A. Bate. — An Experimental Deter- 

 mination of the Factors which cause Patterns to appear Conspicuous in 

 Nature : Dr. J. C. Mottram. 



Ili.u.minatino Engineering Society, at 5. — Annual Meeting, followed 

 by a Discussion on a Report to be prcNented by the Research Committee. 



Faraday Society, at 8. — An Analysis of the Theory of Gels as Systems of 

 Two Liquid Phases : E. Hatschck. — (i) The Properties of Solid Solutions 

 of Metals and of Intermetallic Compounds ; (2) The Annealing of -Metals : 

 F. C. 'I hompson. — The Changes in the Physical Properties of Aluminium 

 with Mechanical Work. H. Specific Heats of Hard and .Soft .\luminium : 

 F. J. Brislee.— A Note on the Annealing of Aluminium : R. Seligmanand 

 P. Williams.— Grain Size Measurements and Importance of such Informa- 

 tion : Z. Jeffries.— A Contribution to the Theory of Solution : E. J. 

 Hartung. 



WEDNESDAY, May 10. 



Geological Society, at 5.30. — Carboniferous Fossils from Siam : Dr. F. R. 

 Cowper Reed. — The Lurgecombe Mill Lamprophyre and its Intrusions: 

 H. G. Smith. 



Optical .Society, at 8. — Apparatus used for the Teaching of Optics at the 

 Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge : Dr. G. F. C. Searle. 



THURSDAY, May ii. 



Royal Society, at 4.30. — Probable Papers : Seventh Memoir on the Parti- 

 tion of Number?:. A Detailed Study of the Enumeration of the Partitions 

 of Multipartite Numbers : Major P. A. MacMahon. — The Occur ence of 

 Gelatinous .Spicules and their Mode of Origin in a New Genus of Siliceous 

 Sponges : Prof. A. Dendy. — The Classification of the Reptilia : E. S. 

 Goodrich. — The Experimental Production of Congenital Goitre: Dr. 

 R. McCarrison. 



Royal I.vstitution, at 3. — Flint and Flint Implements : Sir Ray 

 Lankester. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8. — Annual General Meeting. 



Institution of Mining and Meiallurgv, at c,.-i,o.— Discussion : Ihe 

 Influence of the War on the Mining and Metallurgical Industries. 



FRIDAY, May 12. 

 Royal Astronomical Society, at 5. 

 Physical Society, at 5. — The Latent Heats of Fusion of Metals and the 



(Quantum Theory : Dr. H. S. Allen.— (1) Lenses for Light Distribution ; 



(2) The Choice of Glass for Cemented Objectives : T. Smith. 

 Malacological Society, at 7. — Descriptions of New Mollusca : G. B. 



Sowerby.— Solanderas a Conchologist : T. Iredale — Misna i.ed Tasmanian 



Chitons : T. Iredale and W. L. May. 



SATURDAY, May 13. 

 RovAL Institution, at 3. — X-Rays and Crystals : Prof W. H. Bragg. 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



Thermodynamic and Kinetic Theories. By G. H. B. 197 



A Cretaceous Flora. By Prof. A. C. Seward, F.R.S. 198 



A New Text book of Optics. By S. P. T 199 



Our Bookshelf 200 



Letter to the Editor: — 



Zeppelin Notes.— Observer 201 



The Kimmcridge Oil-shales 202 



The Wastage of Coal. By J. B. C 203 



Notes 203 



Our Astronomical Column :— 



Variable Stars of Short Period 207 



Photo-electric Photometry 207 



The Motion of the Sidereal Universe 208 



The Wave-lengths of the Chief Nebular Lines . . . 208 



Engineering and Scientific Research 208 



M. Ch. Lallemand on Daylight Saving in France 209 



Floras and Geographical Distribution of Plants 209 

 Illusions of the Upper Air. — A Review of Progress 

 in MeteorologicaJ Theory in England since 1866. 



{/Hiistrated.) By Sir Napier Shaw, F.R.S 210 



University and Educational Intelligence 213 



Societies and Academies 214 



Books K^ceived 215 



Diary of Societies 216 



Editorial and Publishing Offices: 



MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd., 



ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C. 



idvertisenienti and business letters to he addressed to the 

 Publishers. 



Editorial Communications io the Editor, 

 Telegraphic Address : Phusis, London. 

 Telephone Number : Gerrard 8830. 



NO. 2427, VOL. 97] 



