23^ 



NATURE 



[May II, 1916 



An Intermediate Text Book of Maghetism and Elec- 

 tricity. By G. F. Woodhouse. Pp. x + 264. (Sed- 

 bergh : Jackson and Son.) 65. net, 



Canada. Department of Mines. Preliminary Re- 

 port on the Mineral Production of Canada during the 

 Calendar Year 1915. Nos. 348, 349, 350, 383, 408. 

 (Ottawa : Government Printing Bureau.) 



Spitsbergen Waters. Oceanographic Observations 

 during the Cruise of the Veslemoy to Spitsbergen in 

 1912. By F. Nansen. Pp. 132. (Christiania : J. 

 Dybwad.) 



Proceedings of the Geological Society of South 

 Africa. To accompany vol. xviii. of the Transactions. 

 January-December, 1915. Transactions of the Geo- 

 logical Society of South Africa. Vol. xviii. Pp. . 

 134 -I- plates xvi. (Johannesburg.) 



The Purpose of Education. By St. George Lane 

 Fox Pitt. New edition. Pp. xxviii+144. (Cam- 

 bridge : At the University Press.) 25. 6d. net. 



The Value of Science in the Smithy and Forge. 

 By W. H. Cathcart. Pp. xiv+163. '(London: C. 

 Griffin and Co., Ltd.) 45. net. 



A Guerra E. O. Pensamento Medico. By Prof. R. 

 Jorge. Pp. 63. (Lisboa : Sociedade das Sciencias 

 Medicas.) 



Department of Commerce. Scientific Papers of the 

 Bureau of Standards. No. 274. (Washington : 

 Government Printing Office.) 



Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West 

 Irtdies. Sugar-Cane Experiments in the Leeward 

 Islands. Repot-t on Experiments conducted in 

 Antigua and St. Kitts in the Season 1914-15. Parts 

 i. and ii. Pp. 76. (Barbados.) 



Yorkshire's Contribution to Science, with a Biblio- 

 graphy of Natural History Publications. By T. Shep- 

 pard. Pp. 233. (London : A. Brown and Sons, Ltd.) 

 55. net. 



Cassell's Modern School Series. Historical Section. 

 The Tale of Ancient Peoples. By A. E. McKilliam. 

 Pp. 128. The Tafe of the Nations. By A. E. McKil- 

 liam. Pp. 160. (London : Cassell and Co., Ltd.) 

 Tod. net and is. net respectively. 



The Practical Principles of Plain Photo-Micrography. 

 By G. West. Pp. xii+ 145 + plates viii. (Dundee: 

 The Author, University College.) 4s. 6d. net. 



Annuario publicado pelo Observatorio Nacional do 

 Rio de Janeiro, 1916. Anno xxxii. Pp. vi + 259. (Rio 

 de Janeiro.) 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, May ii. 



Royal Society, at 4.30.— Seventh Memoir on the Partition of Numbers. 

 A Detailed Study of the Enumeration of the Partitions of MuUipartite 

 Numbers : Major P. A. Mai-Mahon.— LesenHre's Functions P« (&) when « 

 is Great and fl has any Value : Lord Rayleigh.— The Ocoirrence of 

 Gelatinous Spicules and their Mode of Origin in a New Genus of 

 Siliceous Sponges : Prof. A. Dendy— The Classification of the Reptilia : 

 E. S. Goodrich.— The Experimental Production of Congenital Goitre: Dr. 

 R. McCarrison. 



Royal Institution, at 3. — Flints and Flint Implements: Sir Ray 

 Lankester. . . 



Tnstitotion of Electrical EkgiI^eers, at 8.— Annual General Meeting. 



Institution of Mining an& Met allurgy, at 530. — Discwssion: "Xh^ 

 Influence of the War on the Mining and Metallurgical Industries. 



PRTDAY, May 12. 



Royal Astronomical Society, at 5.— The Surface Currents of Jupiter in 

 1Q15-16: S. Bolton.— Observations of V Cassiopeise in 1910-16: A. N. 

 Brown.— The Certainty, of the Canals of Mars: G. H. Hamilton. — The 

 Illumination of the Field of a Photographic Objective : H. C- Lord.— The 

 Law of Distribution in Star-clusters : J. H. Jeans. — The Efficiency of Sun 

 Spots in Relation to the Mean Daily Range of Terrestrial Magnetic 

 Declination : Rev. A. L. Cortie.^The Theorj' of Star-streaming and the 

 Structure of the Universe. II. : J. H. Jeans. — The Distribution of Stars 



in Globular Clusters: A. S. Eddin^ton Stars with Lirge Proper Motion 



between Declination 65° and the North Pole : Royal Observatory, Green- 

 wich. — Solar Prominence in 1915 : G. J. Newbegin. 



Physical Society, at s.^The Latent Heats of Fusion of Metals and the 

 Quantum Theory : Dr. H S. Al'en.— a) Lenses for Light Distribution ; 

 (2) The Choice of Glass for Cemented Objectives : T. Smith. 



Malacological Society, at 7. — Descriptions of New MoUusca : G. _B. 

 Sowerby. — Solknder as a Conchologist : T. Iredale. — Misnamed Tasmanian 

 Chitons : T. Iredale and W. L. May. 



-Flints and Flint Implements: Sir Ray 



SATURDAY, May 13. 

 Royal Institution, at 3. — X- Rays and Crystals: Prot W. H. Bragg. 



MONDA Y, May 15. 

 Aristotelian Society, at 8. — Symposium at Oxford — The Theory of the 



State : Hon. R RusmII, S. Ball, C. D. Burns, and G. D. H. Cole. 

 Royal Society of Akts, at 4. 30. ^Vibrations, Waves, and Resopanqe : 



Dr." J. Erskine-Murray. 



TUESDAY, May 16. 

 RovAL Institution, at 3. — ^Unconscious Nerves — their Functions in 



Internal Life : Prof. C. S. Sherrington. 

 Royal Statistical Society, at 5.15. 

 Institution of Petroleum Technologists, at 8. — Petroleum Refining : 



A. Campbell. 



WEDNESDAY, May 17. 

 Royal Meteorological Society, at 4.30. — The Re-adjustment of 



Pressure Diflferences — Two Species of Atmospheric Circulation and their 



Connection : L. C. W. Bonacina. 

 Royal Microscopical Society, at 8. — Some Suggestion.s regarding Visual 

 Efficiency in the Use of the Microscope and other Optical Instruments : 



J. W. Purkiss. — A Case of Apparent Intelligence exhibited by a Marine 



Tube-bearing Worm, Terebella conckiUga: A. T. Watson. — Alien Oligo- 



chxts ill England : Rev. Hilderic Friend. 

 Royal Society of Arts, at 4.30. — Hindu Hand-painted Calicoes of the 



Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, and their Influence on the Tinctorial 



Arts of Europe : G. P. Baker. 



THURSDAY, May 18. 

 Royal Society, at 4.30. 

 Royal Institution, at 3.- 

 Lankester. 



FRIDAY, May 19. . 

 Royal Institution, at 5.30. — The Movements of the Earth's Pole: Col- 



E. H. Hills. 

 Institution of Mechanical Engineers, at 6. — Spur-Gearing : D. 

 AdamsoD. 



SATURDAY, May 20. 

 Royal Institution, at 3. — The Finance of the Great War — New Problem 

 and New Solutions : Prof. H. S. Foxwill. 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



Harvey and Aristotle. By Sir Clifford Allbutt, 



K.C.B., F.R.S 217 



The Freshwater Fishes of Africa. By Sir H. H. 



Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B 218 



Theoretical and Practical Chemistry. By J. C. P. 218 



Our Bookshelf 2i9 



Letters to the Editor: — 



Science and the State. — Sir Napier Shaw, F.R.S. 220 



The Daylight Saving Scheme.— H. W. M. Willett 221 



Avoiding Zeppelins. — Prof. E. C. Pickering ... 221 



Daylight and Darkness 222 



German Metallurgy and British Methods. By T. T. 224 



A Market-garden Research Station. By F. K. 224 



Notes 225 



Our Astronomical Column :— 



Uranus 229 



Mercury 229 



The Lyrid Meteors of 1916 229 



Science in Education and the Civil Services . . . 230 



National Food Supply and Nutritional Value . . . 231 



The Future of Chemical Industry. By J. B. C. . . 232 



Recent Work on Genetics. By G. H. C. . . . . . 232 



University and Educational Intelligence 233 



Societies and Academies 234 



Books Received ' '. . ^35 



Diary of Societies 236 



- Editorial and Publishing Offices : 

 MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd., 

 ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C. 



AdvertisemenU and business letters to he addressed to the 

 Publishers. . . 



Editorial Communications to the Editor. 

 Telegraphic Address : Phusis, London. 

 Telephone Number : Gerrard 8830. 



NO. 2428, VOL. 97] 



