456 



NATURE 



[July 27, 1916 



plained as a case of de Vriesian mutation. In this race 

 the whole morphological organisation of the seedling 

 has apparently been changed, and the race is charac- 

 terised by a high degree of variability. — W. B. 

 Cannon ; Studies of ductless glands by the electrical 

 method. The nerves distributed to the thyroid cells 

 belong to the "sympathetic, and not to the vagus, supply, 

 and their effects are not indirect through alterations of 

 blood flow. They are true secretory nerves. — E. B. 

 Wilson : The distribution of the chondriosomes to the 

 spermatozoa in scorpions. The chondriosome-material, 

 having the same origin, fate, and (presumably) physio- 

 logical significance, may be distributed to the germ- 

 cells by processes widely different even in nearly 

 related animals. In one of the scorpions the distribu- 

 tion is effected by a definite process of division, in the 

 other by an operation that has at least the aspect of a 

 hit-or-miss segregation, and one that gives only an 

 approximate equality of result. — H. J. Spinden : New 

 data on the archaeology of Venezuela. Stone imple- 

 ments, including celts, pestles, etc., vessels and 

 figurines of clay with painted and modelled decora- 

 tions, personal ornaments of shell, nephrite, jet, and 

 serpentine, as well as the petroglyphs and pictographs, 

 occur in considerable quantity. The plastic art of 

 Venezuela is one and the same with the " archaic art " 

 alreadv known in Central America and Mexico. — E. L. 

 Nichols ; Note on the phosphorescence of uranyl salts. 

 For the only examples of luminescence which admit of ^ 

 detailed inspection, the spectrum of phosphorescence 

 is identical with that of fluorescence, and it is sug- 

 gested that this also applies to all phosphorescent 

 materials. In spite of its great complexity, the lumi- 

 nescence spectrum of a uranyl salt is to be regarded as 

 a unit, all its components decaying at the same rate 

 after the cessation of excitation. — C. G. Abbot and 

 L. B. Aldrich : The pyranometer : an instrument for 

 measuring sky radiation. Two satisfactory types of 

 this instrument, both derived in principle from the 

 electrical ^compensation radiation instruments of the 

 late K. Angstrom, have been devised. Numerous 

 others of the sky-radiation have been made. On fine 

 davs the sky-radiation alone received on a horizontal 

 surface ranges from 007 to 0-13 calorie per square 

 centimetre per minute. — M. B. Porter : Note on 

 Lucas's theorem. A more general result than that ob- 

 tained by Borel or Polya has been found. — H. S. 

 White : A variable system of sevens on two twisted 

 cubic curves.— G. H. Parker and E. G. Titus: The 

 neuromuscular structure of sea anemones. There are 

 four types of muscle action; they are of phylogenetic 

 significance, and show that the neuromuscular mech- 

 anism of sea anemones is by no means so simple as 

 originallv supposed.— F. G. Keyes and W. J. Winning- 

 hofl : Change of the ionisation of salts in alcoholic 

 solvents with the concentration. The present investi- 

 gation on the conductance of sodium iodide and am- 

 monium iodide in isoamyl alcohol and of sodium iodidp 

 in proDvl alcohol w'as undertaken' for two purposes: 

 prirharily to determine whether in these solvents, 

 somewhat similar in nature to. water, salts conform to 

 the mass-action law at very small concentrations; and, 

 secondarilv, to test further the applicability of Kraus's 

 empirical equation throughout the fairly wide range of 

 concentration employed in the work. 



Prof. O. W. Richardson. Pp. vii-l-304. (London 

 Longmans and Co.) gs. net. 



The Animal Parasites of Man. By Dr. H. 

 Fantham, Prof. J. W. W. Stephens, and Prof. F. 

 Theobald. Pp. xxxii-l-900. (London: John Bale| 

 Sons, and Danielsson, Ltd.) 455. net. 



The National Physical Laboratory. Report for tl 

 Year 1915-16. Pp. 80 + Figs. 7. (Teddingtonj 

 W. F. Parrot.) 



Measures for Avoidance and Extermination of Flies 

 Mosquitoes, Lice, and other Vermin. By Prof. H. 

 Maxwell-Lefroy. Second edition. Revised for the 

 Tropics. Pp. 17. (Calcutta and Simla : Thacker, 

 Spink and Co. ; London : Thacker and Co.) is. net. 



Fire Protection for Passenger Ships. Pp. 44. (Lon- 

 don : British Fire Prevention Committee.) 35. 6d. 



Geological Survey. Southern Coal-field. Maps and 

 Sections. 10 maps. (Sydney : W. A. Gullick.) 



Elements of Folk Psychology. By W, Wundt. 

 Translated by Prof. E. L. Schaub. Pp. xxii + 532. 

 (London : G. Allen and Unwin, Ltd.) 15s. net. 



British Forestry : its Present Position and Outlook 

 after the War. By E. P. Stebbing. Pp. xxv + 257. 

 (London : John Murray.) 6s. net. 



Commercial Egg Farming. By S. G. Hanson. Pp. 

 62. (London : Constable and Co., Ltd.) is. net. 



CONTENTS. PAGB 



The National Awakening 437 



Science for Life. By Prof. J. Arthur Thomson . . 438 



Mathematical Text-books 439 



Apprentice Training. By J. W 44° 



Our Bookshelf 44° 



Letters to the Editor:— 



The Universities, the Technical Colleges, and the 



Army.— Dr. A. P. Laurie 44^ 



The late M. Joseph Dechelette.— Prof. Arthur 



Keith, F.R.S 44i 



A Sunset Phenomenon on July 22. — Capt. C. J. P. 



Cave 442 



Silvanus P. Thompson as a Painter. — H. S. T. . . . 442 

 The Utilisation of Waste Heat for Agriculture. — C. 



Carus-Wilson 442 



The Indian Board of Scientific Advice ...... 442 



Elias Metchnikoff. By Sir E. Ray Lankester, 

 T^CR FRS . ........"•• 443 



Sir Victor Horsley, F.R.S. By H. H 447 



Notes ........... 447 



Our Astronomical Column :— 



Pons-Winnecke's Comet and the Meteoric Shower of 



June 28 451 



Differential Measurement 45' 



Wave-lengths in the Iron Spectrum n.' ^^^ 



Southern Georgia and its Hydrography. By B. C. 452 

 Hardness and Critical Cooling Velocities of Steels. 



By Prof. H. C. H. Carpenter 45^ 



The Society of Chemical Industry . • 453 



Technical Education and Industry 453 



University and Educational Intelligence 453 



Societies and Academies 455 



Books Received 45^ 



BOOKS RECEIVED. 



The Contingency of the Laws of Nature. By E. 

 Boutroux. Translated by F. Rothwell. Pp. ix+196. 

 (London : Open Court Publishing Company.) ?,s. net. 



Ruler and Compasses. By Dr. H. P. Hudson. 

 Pp 143. (London : Longmans and Co.) 6s. net. 



The Emission of Electricity from Hot Bodies. By 



NO. 2439, VOL. 97] 



ST. 



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