122 A. D. 1787. 



The diredors had imprudently got fo largely connected with a let ot 

 gamblers, who were carrying on vafl projedls iu the national funds, the 

 flock of the new Eaft-India company, &c. that the credit of the bank was 

 believed to be involved in the operations of the flocks market, and to 

 depend upon the fuccefs of the fpeculators. It being, moreover, a gen- 

 eral opinion, that, if the bank Ihould flop payment, the national credit 

 muft be very materially affedled by it, the French miniflry found them- 

 fclves under a neceffity of fupporting the credit of this bank and fome 

 other bankers at Paris by an advance of ^^5 00,000 flerling, one half in 

 cafh, and the other in treafury bills. 



Connected with the zeal of the French for commerce is their Improve- 

 ment upon the conftrudlion of light houfes. It is efteded by large re- 

 fledors, which magnify the mafs of the light ; and a rotatory motion 

 of the lantern (or place containing the light), introduced in fome of the 

 light-houfes, produces a viciflitude of flafhes of light and momentary 

 darknefs, vi^hich ferves to give a different charadler to the lights, and 

 thereby more effedually dillinguiflies one light from another upon the 

 fame coafl ; an objed of the utmofl importance to vefTels coming in 

 upon the land in hazy weather or fhort days, 



February 23'' — An ad was paffed for enforcing more rigoroufly the 

 laws againft unlicenced dealers in lottery tickets, lottery infurances, and 

 other fchemes or projeds grafted upon the Hate lottery. Proprietors of 

 whole tickets, however, were permitted to infure them for the whole 

 remaining term of the drawing, but not from day to day : and to pre- 

 vent multiplied infurances on the fame tickets, they muft immediately 

 after making the infurance be depofited in the llamp-office. [27 Geo>- 

 III, ..I.] 



There being a great number of convids under fentence of tranfport- 

 ation, and the king, in confequence of the power veiled in him by law, 

 having appointed the eafl: coafl of New South Wales, or fome of the 

 iflands near it, for the place of their exile, it was thought necellary, that 

 a colony, and a civil government, with a court of criminal jurifdidion, 

 fliould be eftabUlhed in the country : and the king was therefor em- 

 powered to commiflion a governor, lieutenant-governor, a court of judic- 

 ature, &c. for the intended colony of New South Wales. [27 Geo. Ill, 



In confequence of this ad. Captain Arthur PhilHp of the navy, ap- 

 pointed governor of New South Wales, with the other officers of govern- 

 ment, and a military force conlifling of marines, failed in a fhip of war, 

 a tender, and nine tranfports and ftore fhips, carrying 600 men and 250 

 women, banifhed from this country for their crimes, and deftined to be 

 the original founders of the projeded colony, together with an ample 

 fupply of provifions, plantation tools, and ftores of every kind for their 

 comfortable fcttlement in their new coimtry. 



The temporary ads, formerly paffed for regulating the commercial 



