^ZETTEER. 



The great falling off in tlie lutmber in time of 

 ivar may be afciibed to the facility of fitting out 

 flaviiig veflels for privateering, a line of adventure 

 to which the people of this port have been parti- 

 cularly prone. The merchants, who vie with thofe 

 of London in tlie fpirit of commercial enterprife, 

 alfo fend their veflels to the Weft-Indies, America, 

 various parts ot I urope, Greenland, and to every 

 part of the world, except thofe which are excluf- 

 ively referved to chartered companies. The goods 

 imported by them are difperfed through an opu- 

 lent country, abounding with mines of coal, cop- 

 per, and iron, quarries of Hone and flate, mines of 

 fait, and ilrcams of water fit for driving machinery, 

 and enriched by a vaft variety of manufadlures, 

 conducted on the moll extenfive fcale, for all which 

 Liverpool is a principal (hipping port. The mod- 

 ern extenfive improvements in inland navigation 

 have moreover rendered almoft every part of Eng- 

 land acceflible by bargee from this port. I^iver- 

 pool furpaflcs all other fea-ports in the exccirent 

 accommodation of wet docks, wherein the veflels 

 lie with tlie greateft fecurity, and load or unload 

 with cafe and fafety. Adjacent to the docks are 

 Hacks of vvarehoufes, fome having ten or eleven 

 floors, and all fnbllantially built. 



Many manufaftures are carried on in this bufy 

 town, particularly cotton-fpinning ; llockings ; 

 watch-movements ; copperas ; copper-works ; iron- 

 works ; porcelain, and other pottery ; glafs ; falt- 

 works, from which Ireland and other countries are 

 fupplied ; fugar-houfes ; rafping mills, breweries, 

 which, befides fupplying the country, furnilh great 

 quantities of beer for exportation, &c. &c. 



Liverpool has a very convenient cuftom-houfe, 

 a large and handfome exchange, a neat theatre, 

 and all the other ufeful and ornamental ftrutlures, 

 proper for a great and profperous town, which is 

 unqueftionably the fecond port in Great Britain, 

 and the commercial capital of the well coall of 

 England. 



LocHBAY. See V. 'w, p. 434. 



LocHMABEN, ^Z)a/j/". S.J an inland town, where- 

 in fome coarfe linen is the chief article of manufac- 

 ture. 



Loch Winnoch, ( Reiif. S.J a village, lately 

 animated by the ereftion of three cotton mills, a 

 a large bleach-field, and the manufafture of muflins 

 and other cotton goods. 



London, the great metropolis of the Britifh 

 empire, is fituated on the north bank of the River 

 Thames, at the head of that part of its courfe 

 which is navigable by fea veflels, and pon'ciTing a 

 very extenfive inland trade by the river and its 

 navigable branches and connected canals, which 

 convey to the city the produce and manufafturcs 

 of a fertile country and many induftrious towns, 

 and in return carry to them the productions of every 

 part of the globe. The quantity of goods annual- 

 ly carried upon the upper part of the river in 

 barges, is eftimated at 8co,ooo tuns. London is 

 exclufively the feat of the vaft commerce carried on 



by the Eaft-India company, and alfo that of the 

 Hudfon's-bay company, and is one of the three 

 porta authorized to fend veflels to Africa for the 

 llave trade. But, independent of the branches of 

 trade confined to the port by exclufive cliarters, 

 the unparalleled ftock of goods of every kind, and 

 in every variety of afTortment, to be found in Lon- 

 don, fecure to it fuch a commanding fnperiority, 

 that the merchants of all parts of the world apply 

 to it for their general cargoes, even in preference 

 to the countries wherein fome of the articles are- 

 produced or made ; and hence it has become ihe 

 general market, and the commercial capital, of the 

 whole world. And, by means of the bank of 

 England, and the connections of the private bank- 

 ers with the banks and bankers in all the three 

 kingdoms, together with the payments of duties 

 and taxes into the exchequer, and the iffues from 

 it, London becomes the center of all the money 

 tranfaftions of the Britilh empire. 



In the year 1794 the twenty-five wards of the 

 city, exclufive of Southwark, contained 21,649 

 houfes. But the whole contiguity of buildings, 

 generally comprehended under the name of London, 

 contains above 160,000 houfes, and about a mil- 

 lion of inhabitants. 



In the vaft extent of this city, and its immediate 

 environs, all kinds of mauufaClures are carried on 

 to a prodigious extent, though they have nothing 

 of that confpicuous appearance, which a lingle 

 branch of manufacture, comparatively of little im- 

 portance, makes in a fniall town. A particular 

 detail of fo extenfive and diverfified a fubject, if the 

 materials were attainable, would require a large 

 volume ; and therefor I ftiall only obferve, that the 

 town-made goods are in general in fnperior demand; 

 and that artills, makers of inftruments of all kinds, 

 makers of elegant and expenfive articles, except 

 thofe which require a great deal of room for their 

 work, and in general all thofe who do more with, 

 their heads than with their hands, find London the 

 moft proper theatre on which their talents can be 

 difplayed and remunerated. 



As m\ich of the hiftory of this city as is con- 

 nected with its comnjcrce, and alfo the principal 

 improvements in it, and efpecialiy thofe conducive 

 to the accommodation of its commerce and ftiip- 

 ping, have already been related in the body of this ■ 

 work ; to which, and to the feveral profeflcd hif- 

 tories and defcriptions of London, the reader, de- 

 firous of further information, mnft be referred.- 



Londonderry, the capital of the county of 

 the fame name, in the north part of Ireland, is a 

 handfome and populous city, fituated on the weft 

 /ide of the Foyle, a deep river, which about four 

 miles below, falls into the head of a large land- 

 locked bay, called Lough Foyle. The neighbour- - 

 ing country is covered by bleach-fields and the cot- 

 tages of linen-weavers ; and the port has fome trade 

 with the Well-Indies, America, .?;c. the exports 

 being chiefty linens. 



Lose FORD, a wi.'11-built inland town, the capit- - 



