APPLNDIX, NO IV. 



COMMERCIA 



ipot, wliich are employed in tiie filliiHg anO conil 

 inpr biifiiicfles; and one of tliem trades to tlie Baltic. 

 If ever the canal between Fcrt-Williain and Inver- 

 iiefs fliall be acconiplllhcd, the filhery be relieved 

 from the opprefilon nf the fait laws, and maiinfac- 

 tnrcs be introduced in the adjacent country, Obao 

 iray become a great and flourifhing town. 



OmoA IROM-WORKS, ( Lan. S.) at Cleland, 

 about 5 miles eall from Hamilton, were eflablifhed 

 ■in the year 1787, in a country full of coal and 

 iron-done of excellent quality, and ate doing 

 well. 



Orford, {^Sujf. r,. ) a poor decayed town, wliich 

 was a confiderablc commercial poit in former times, 

 till (he fea threw up a beach, whereby the channel 

 of the River Ore appears to have been bent to the 

 fouthward. By this misfortune Crford has fujik 

 to a fifhing village, a creek- of Aldbiyrgh. 



Orkney islands, a large duller of idands, 

 uhlch, together with the Shetland iflands, con- 

 ftituted tKe antient Norwegian earldom of Ork-, 

 ney, and now conftitute the moft northerly fliire 

 in the Britifli dominions. The largelt of the Ork- 

 neys is called Mainland, in which, and in moft of 

 the other idands, there are a great number of ex- 

 cellent natural harbour?, which are of very little 

 ufe for want of trade. The inhabitants have about 

 :oo boats employed in fidn'ng on their own coaft 

 and among the Shetland iflands. Kelp, which has 

 become the ftaple commodity of the iflands, is an- 

 nually made to the amount of about three or four 

 thoufand tuns, and raoftly carried to Newc.iftle. 

 The whole produce of the iflands is (liipped, and 

 all the imported goods landed, at the two harbours 

 of Kirkwall and Stromnefs, which fee. 



Orritor, (Tjr. /. ) a village in a linen count- 



Otley, (Tori, W. R-) a pleafdut town with 

 fome cotton rr.ills. 



OuLNEV, (Buck. E.J a town on the Rive-r Oufe, 

 has a fliare of the lace manufafture. 



Oxford, a celebrated city on the Th?.mes, the 

 capital of a fhire to which it gives name, is the feat 

 of a famous univerfif)'-, birt has no manufaftures of 

 any khid, except making malt, chiefly for London, 

 to which may be added printing and 'etter-found- 

 ing, the univerfity having an exclufive privilege of 

 printing bibles and fome other books. 



Padstq-w, [Corn. E.) a fmall town fituated on 

 the weft fide of an eftuary formed by the mouth of 

 the River Camel, which makes a good harbour for. 

 large vefTcls, though rather of difficult accef?, has 

 fome vefTels employed in trading to Ireland, Brif- 

 tol, &c. and a Ihare of the herrings tilhery. Slate 

 is the chief article fhippcd here. 



Painswick, (Glouc. E.) a fmall town, has a 

 ccnfiderable manufafturc of fine woolen cloth. 

 • Parkgate, (^Chcf. E.) a village with a fmall 



haibour, which is a ftation for p.-.ckct-boats to Ire- 

 larfd ; and from the money fpent by pafTer^gers' 

 arifes the chief circulation of the place. 



Parton, {Cuml. E.) a villagfc with a harbour 

 for fmall veftels, h.is fome fliare of the coal ti\;de 

 to Ireland. 



Paslev, {Renf. S.) a large and.flourifliing 

 town, fituated on the Water of While Cart, which, 

 by tliC help of a fliort canal to avoid Infhinnan 

 bridge, carries vefi'cls of 60 tuns up to the houfes. 

 About the time of the union Pafley, originally a 

 village fubjedl to an abbay, began to be noted for 

 n-.anufaftures of coarfe checks, handkerchefs, and 

 ftulTs call^ Beiigalo, and alfo muflins, which could 

 n 1*, howevi'r. Hand a competition with thofe of 

 India. All tliefe were carried on upon a fmall 

 fcale. The manufacturers afterwards went upon 

 lawns, gauzes, kentings, cambrics, and other light 

 fabrics, which were found more profitable. Thefe 

 were followed By ounce threads,* filk gauzes, rib- 

 ands, m.uflins which lival thofe of India, and other 

 cotton goods, which are all made in the greatell 

 perfeftion in this hive of induftry, which is deferv- 

 cdly called the JSIanchefterof Scotland : and Pafley, 

 like that great manufafluring capital, enlivens \.h< 

 induftiy of all the country around, and is alfo, like 

 it, exempted from the convulfions of parliamentary 

 reprefcntation. 



Pately bridge, (Tori, IF. R.) a fifiall town 

 on the banks of the Nid, in which, and in the ad- 

 jacent valley, called Niderdale, a confiderable quant- 

 ity of linen is made of bleached yarn. 



Path HEAD, {Fife, S.) a village adjoining to 

 Kirkcaldy, form.erly noted foi- making nails ; but 

 now that bufinefs has fallen off, owinff to the mora . 

 cxtenfive manufaciures in other places. 



Patringtov, {Tork, E. R.) a fmall town on 

 the fliorc of the Humber, faid to have once had :i 

 good harbour, which lately admitted very fmall 

 velTels at the mouth of the rivulet W'hich forms it, 

 and is now removed from the fca by the embank-, 

 ment of Sunk iiland and the adjacent mud-banks. 



Peebles, the capital of. an inland friire of the 

 fame name, is an antient town on the north bank, 

 of the Tweed. Being m. the heart of a fheep. 

 country, it has . fome manufactures of blankets,, 

 ftuffs, coarfe cloths, &c. but moft of the yarn 

 fpun here is fold to Englllh nianufaftureis, who 

 return it to Scotland in the form of finilhed goods. 

 The manufatturc molt worthy of notice is a brew- 

 ery of porter, conduced by Mr. Ker, who has dif- 

 covered an important faving in the ufe of hop?. 



PtEi., {Md/in) a fmall town with an indifferent, 

 harbour at the head of a little bay, has fume veffcls 

 employed in fiftiing. 



Pemeridce, [Hercf. E.) a fmall tuwn on the 

 River Arrow, with fome fliare of the woolen manu- 

 tatlure. 



* About the year 17J5 Mrs. Millar of Bargarran introduced the thread n-.n^'ifailure a5 an. employment fctfJhcr ayr^ 

 fitfnily ; aai it has Cnce become an objefl of great importance, ' \ 



