Cinque portS' 



Before 1066 Dover and Sandwich found fliips for 



the king, and enjoyed privileges 1,293, 197 



1082 A warden appointed — •liftoftlie ports - 301 



iii6f, Privileges eiil:irged by King John - i, 381 n 

 ■1242 Seamen of the ports act as pirates - 394 



-1264 Commerce mined by their piracies - 412 



'1277 Tlieir wars .... 429 



1278 Chartered by king Edward! — liftofports, &c. 430 

 12S5 Aggrieved by London refpefling average 442 



1293 



At war with France — take 200 velfels 



Exempted from the piifoofwine 

 1302 Summoned to acl againfl; Scotland 

 3304 Tiicy farm their quinzieme 

 1317 Aft as an independent confederacy 

 -1322 Their fhipping ordered againft Flanders 



453 



46S 

 473 

 484 

 494 



[GENERAL 



1530 An a£l againft plurality of livings - . ii,7i 

 1664 Clergy of England refign the power of taxing 



themfelves - - . - 512 



S51 f/oc/i J with weights ufed in China . - i, 25'i 



12S8 The tirif clock in England - - 503 



1330 \ wonderful one made by R. of Wallingford J03 



1368 Three clock-makers from Delft fettle in Engl. 575 



1685 The uianufKrture improved by French refugees 61S 



73 Cloves aparently unknown in Rome . i, 173 



Coaches — See Chariots. 



1560 At this time 500 in Antwerp . ii, 132 



•357 Their barons are confervators of the herring fair 



at Yarmouth ... 556 



1385 Thev take many velTels from France - __ 597 



i568 Their charter lenewed - - ii.536 



1344 C(/'[rc/a>tmOTAs prohibited from being merchants 1,532 

 Before 1066 Cities and towns the property of the king, 

 or other over-lords, and opprelTed by them 



i, 297, 310 



I R-efidence in towns gave freedom to (laves 307 



Their condition improved by the holy war 310 



32i6|l And alfo by the conduct of king John _- 381 



Maritime towns make war independent ot the 



fovereign - 412,429,453,475,484.485 



1285 Gates (Init all night, holts accountable tor 



lodgers . - _ - - 443 



1318 Officers of towns not to fell wine, &c. - 486 

 »335i'35' Their monopolies curtailed - 510,544 

 ,3^g Not allowed to (lielter labourers . 561 



1377 Population of the chief towns in England 583 



jjSgll Money often granted by parliament to decayed 



towns - - - 712 ?j 



i5«8 The chief towns in England fecurity for the 



king . . . ii, 31 



(Similar Inftances in England, Scotland, the 

 Netherlands, Sec. might be multiplied.) 

 1512 Brewers, &c. now permitted to be magiftrates, 



byreafon, asalleged, of the decay of towns 42 

 1 1:35 Great complaints of fonie of them being decay- 

 ed, - - - _ ii, 78 

 1541,42 &c. Similar complaints — orders for rebuild- 

 ing - - - 87, 88, 94 

 1552 Number of tavern* allowed in the chief towns iii 

 1554 Linendrapers &c. not free, not to fell in towns 



except at fairs ... 116 



J555 An aft tending to confine the woolen manufac. 



ture to towns - - - 118 



1590 Caufes of the greatnefs of cities, according to 

 Botero, and his account of the chief ones in 

 Europe - - - - 194 



1607 Advancement of fome and decline of others 247 

 1624 Their charters exempted from the law against 



monopolies - - - 325 



Money granted to fome decayed ones - 326 



joo Civita Vecchia (Centum ccUz) harbour nvide 1, 190 



5 1 Claudius, anpercr o/Roi::e, aifures the importers of 

 corn a certain profit, and thence called in- 

 ventor of infurance — alfo encourages (hip- 

 building • - - - i, 151 

 158* C/^/i/viira introduced at Rome - - 1,105 

 800 A m ignificent one fent to Charlemagne 256 n 

 1799 Vltrks\&c.of-merehants\o bepunlihed for fraud iv, 476 

 1175 C/fro-^ prohibited from engaging ill trade i> 319 

 1344 Cifter^rians great mercliants— -prohibited 532 

 1440 Illicit trade of twobilliops of Iceland - 657 

 Several inftances of trading clergy - 661 n 

 ,445 Th« trading clergy of Holland, &c. having got 

 much land, the duke of Burgundy checks 

 their acquifitions - • - 661 



15S0 Said to be Introducedin England 



1605 Now pretty general in England 



1625 Hackney coaches, 10, now in London 



1634 The great number in London complained of 



'635 And now reftricted . . - 



1637 The king licences 50 coachmen in London, and 



fome In other to^\ns 

 1652 Hackney coaches limited to 200 

 1654 Limited to 300, with 600 horfes, fubjefted to 

 the aldermen of London, and each taxed 

 2o/'annually - . . 



1661 Now 500, and each pays/5 

 1675 Number and fplendour of coaches increafed 

 1694 Hackney coaches 700, paying ,^4 each — stage 



coaches pay ^8 

 1715 Hackney coaches 800, to pay 5y" weekly, &c. iii, 14 

 1768 Coach ftands regulated . - - . 477 



1771 Hackney coaches increafed to 1000 . - 509 

 1778 Total coaches, &c. in tlie kingdom 23,000 630 



1783 The moft elegant coaches formerly got from 

 Paris — now made better in London and Edin- 

 burgh, and Edinburgh-made coaches order- 

 ed for Paris ... iv, 35 

 1785 Amount of the duty this year - . gS 

 Coal — See NewcaJlU. 

 §* Siippofed to have been ufed as fuel by the 



antient Britons - . i, 134 n 



167 



244 



331 

 380 



369 



397 

 44^ 



456 



496 



5S0 



655 



1291 

 1295 

 1307 

 1325 



852 Siippofed to be ufed in England 



1245 Certainly ufed now, and carried by fea 



1283 Firft mention of coal in Scotland 



Flrft certain notlceof coal mines in Scotland 



Ufed as fuel In China ... 



Prohibited in London ... 



Carried from Newcaftle to France 

 i330llCoal mines now valuable property 

 1337 The king orders 100 quarters of coal 

 1379 Coal now an objeft of the attention of govern- 

 ment - . . - 

 1410 Coal (fold by the chalder), with turf, reeds, 



and fego, articles of fuel 

 1426 Coal-meters appointed by the Scottifh pari. 

 1615 Coal in great demand at home and abroad Ii 

 1624 Ufed in making glafs and fmeltiiig iron 

 1627 Patent for rendering coal as uleful as charcoal 



Coal-owners of Newcaftle and Sunderland otier 



to pay 6d per chaldron for protecting the 



(hipping 

 1634 Duty of 4/ per chaldron laid on coal exported 

 1637-38 Two monopolies of coal - . 400, 



1655 A propofal for making coal cheaper 

 1600 Duty raifed to 3y"per chaldron 



Allen duty onexport of co.il retained, though 



remitted on other Englidi produce 

 1676 Ufe of coal doubled fince 1636 

 1694 Coal taxed for the orphans of London 



1696 Duty abolifhed . - . . 



1697 A duty of a fartlilng perchald. for Burlington 

 1711 Aft againft engrofling coal, and regulating the 



trade ... - Hi, 315 



1762 Quantity arrived in London - - 36Z 



1765 Additional duty on coal exported - - 416 



I — Riots in all the coal-workSjCxceptMr.Delavall's 420 



-57 

 395 

 440 



450 

 457 

 474 

 497 

 50+ 

 517 



5S9 



624 

 642 

 281 

 3^5 

 345 



347 

 37S 



401 

 4O0 

 54« 



580 



655 

 676 



692 



