Engtand. 



INDEX.] 



1625 AUiancewith Holland - - ii, 33G 

 . 'I r.idc with Spuin, &c. proliibited - - 337 



1626 Kiiiy levies ciilloiiis, &c. by liis own authority 337 



And fells his l.uids - - 340 



Orders foi' Iciziiii;; French lliips . 34.0, 342 



1627 Export of provilions, &c. 10 Spain prohibited 342 



1628 Export to I'laiicc alio prohibited - 354 



1629 Peace and tomiiierce with France - • 359 



1630 And alio with Spain . . 366 



1631 Treaties with France * - 371 

 1639 Treaty with Denniaik - - 405 

 1642 And with Portugal - - 420 

 1642 The king and parliament at war . 421 



1647 Ojnilcnccof the country interred from the great 



fums raifed . . - 432, 4,]<) 



1648 England faid to have enjoyed for fome time the 



nioft of the manvifadtures and trade of ICiuoiie 471 



1651 A fpirit for trade now general in England — 



nianv projei'ls for new branches of trada 445 



1652 War with thr Dutch ... 447 



1654 Peace w ith the D.itcli ... 453 

 — — Treaties witli Portugal and Denmark, favour- 

 able to the commerce of England - 457 



■ War with Spain ... 458 



1655 Treaty with France— liberal terms of trade 464 

 i6j6 Annual public expenditure /^i, 300,000 470 



• ■ Treaty with Sweden - - 470 



1657 Expenditure and revenue of the three kingdoms 473 



1659 Coniincrce benefited by Cromwell and the pari. 479 



1665 Warwith the Dutch 517, 519, 520, ^22, 530 



1667 Peace witli 1-ranre and Holland . . 530 



1668 Alliance witii Holland - - 533 

 J670 'J'he king fells his fee-farm rents . 541 



— General view of the trade of England, by Cliild 



544, 563 

 •— Much improved — number of mercliants doub. 

 led, and bulincis done nioftly with ready 

 money .... 546 



1672 The king fhuts up tlie exchequer, whereby 



10,000 families are ruined, or much injured 560 

 ■ Alliance with France — war with Holland 564 



1674 Peace, and great trade with Holland 571, 573 



1675 Tradewith France inquired into — balancemuch 



againll England - - - 574 



Coft'ee-houfes fiippreffed for a ievi days 574 



Commercial treaty with Turkey - 575 



1676 hiiprovcment of the kingdom fince i636,accord- 



168.5 



1688 

 1689 



58G 

 5S2 

 593 

 594 



629 



mg to Sir W. Petty 



1677 Commercial treaty with France 



1678 Alliance witli the Dutch againft France 



Treaties of Peace 



England acquires many valuaWe nianufaflur- 



ers from France, and might have more, if not 



prevented by corporation monopolies 

 Great advance in profperity lince i6(j6 

 William &Mary, prince and princels of Orange, 



cholen king and queen 

 — — Protell dilfeniers exempted from certain pc 



nalties . . - . 



War with France - - - - 



Prohibition of Frcncli goods, and declaration 



tliat neutral velfels trading with France 

 fluill be feized - . 637, 639 



Declaration of rights cnafted by parliament C39 



1692 Already 3,000 velfcls taken by the French 

 1697 Peace with France ... 



J700 Treaty with Sweden 



1701 Limitation of the crown and fuccedion 



1702 V/arwith France 

 1705 National credit very high 

 J706 AcV padcd for union with Scotland 

 J707 May ill, The Union completed 



For fubiequent events fee Great Britain, 



- <>33 



635 

 636 



650 

 691 

 709 

 7i» 

 720 

 733 

 734 

 73*5 



47 



1764 EngV/h Unftt company incorporated for the ma- 

 n il>it>ure ol tambrii s and lawr.s, with a joint 

 ft..ck of /^loo.ooo - - iii, 401 



Engraviii;^ — Sec Money, the coinage of which 

 includes engraving. 

 xSoo' Letters, leals, &c. engraved in Arabi* - i, 7 

 93c||Lt.iters engraved on filver in Scotland - 26'i 



1764 Pr(jpeity of engraved portraits d-cuicd iii, 41 a 



1767 Englidi engravings now excellent — the property 



of tliem fecurcd againft piracies . 4i5t 



1777 Tliis law corroborated . . 6o< 



1788 Tlie art brought to very great perfection, and 



prints a conliderablc article of exportation i8j 

 iGCo Enimiirclid comvioditiiS, the article.^ of colonial 

 (uu'uice, fo called, iiiuU be lliippedonly fur 

 England, Ireland, or Englifli colonies ii, 48$ 

 1722 Copper ore and furs enumerated iii, 121, 122 



1731 I..i(t of articles now entimciated - - 16X 



1719 E'iur,>altnt fund of ScoUand, proprietors incorpor- 

 ated — (lock transferable - iii, 7.7 

 HO*Era'.of!hencs, a very judicious philofopher — 

 believes India the next land weft from 

 Spain - . . i, 93 

 tjtotilaiid — See Winland. 

 1500 '1 iie name given to Labrador • ii, 13 

 iTO*E'lhiopiii — 'Irade with Sabffia . '>'^i 

 23*Li (oiuc degree fubjcft to Rome — a new trade 



opened with it . - 121, 139 



See Aduti. 

 §* Etrurians, faid to have poneflTed Italy long 

 before the Trojan war — (aid to be joined by 

 a coluny from Lydia, called Tyrrlieni i, 20 



Suppolcd of Phoenician origin . . 21 i 



538*Tiieir colonics and war in Corlica . 47 



liieir extenfivc empire, high attainments in 

 Icicncc, arts, commerce, &c. 

 240* Probably the merchants who now fail to Car. 



thage . - - 94 



14 Produce and trade of Etruria - 123 



2So'|| /.'i/i//^/, the firft of writers on geometry _ \, %-j 



^•]0''\\Ludoxiis improve^ fcience in Greece i, 69, 70 



txchanj^e witli foreign countries — See Bills of txcliangc.\ 



155411 Prudently managed by SirT. Grediam ii,ii6 



1^87 Wlio now laves England from invalion by his 



powcrl'ul operations in exchange . 184 



1G22 Malynes's wild propofal to regulate exchange 



by authority . - 319 



Is a good ftandurd for judging of the balance 

 of trade - . . - 550 



1795 State of exchange about tliis time - iv,4i4. 



Exchani;e-offic<s — See Money. 

 1279 Eftablidictiinmoft of the principal towns — that 

 of London managed by foreigners together 

 with the luayor . . i, 433 



1335 Eftablilhed in fevcral ports— all money to be 



cairicd to them - - .511 



1340 Give full value in coin for bullion - 51. 



1344 'J'he king's profits on changing money 5^1 



1351 No private perfon to exchange money for profit 



543 "i 54+ 

 1357 Keepers of the excli. for all Scotland appointed 560 

 1421 Exchanges eltablifhed in LoniJon, cS-c . 636. 



1468 Accountsof the exchange for three years -.,''84- 



1508 Exchange farmed to a Florentiiu — hi.ifees ii,3i 



1509 Exchange and the biilinefs of remittance farmed 35 

 j6oi Offices for changing Englilh and hi!h money 223. 

 1619 No iicrfon to exchange money for profit - 293 

 1627 An exchanger appointed by the king 345. 349> 35*' 

 169(5 Exikequer bills ill'utd to fupply the want of 



money during the recoinage — fince then re- 

 peated every year - - ii,68o 

 1793 Iffutd to relieve commercial cnibaralTmcnt 



jv, 268, 278, 300 



