INDEX.] 



Rome, 



455 Pilbged by the Vantlals of Carlhagff i, 119 



471 Sacked by Ricomcr, &c - . 219 



476, or +79 Empire of the Weft extiiiguifhcd (See 



Ita/yJ . - . a JO 



g49 Rome protefled by the trading cities 154 



1560 Imports fioin Antwerp — no exports ii, 128 



1760 I'ociilation of Rome . . iii, 316 



1 160 HoJIock ftrtiticd . - . i, 3-6 



1635 Roterdam — bank erefted - - ii, 384 



1739 Number of fliips arrived . iii, 222 



iooo|l/{o«fn trades witli England . i, 277 



1768 Royal .icadimy cf arts \ni\\tyneA - iii, 483 

 1727 Royal hank of Scotland \ncox\ioVA\.e<li - ii, 670 

 1776 Stock fells at j^2i5 per (liare - iii, 593 

 1793 In the general diftrefs they extend their accom- 

 modation to ihe public - - iv, i(% 



1720 Royal-exchange oJJ'urcnce company crtabliflied iii, S5 



Bound to pay j^f 300,000 to tlie civil lift 87 



Their flock blown up to 250 - - 94 



172 1 Part of the ,^300,000 remitted by parliament iig 

 1800 Royal injlitution of Great Britain \ncov^or2i\ed. iv, 512 

 i860 Royal Society \ucQ(yoi-i{eA - - ii, 492 



Rum — See S/iiritovs Liquors. 

 loth century RiiJ/ia has fome merchants - i, 293 n 

 1050 Ships from Yulland trade to RulJia 284 



1 160 Covered with woods — furs the chief produce 336 

 1509 Becomes independent — begins to be powerful ii, 33 



1553 Having no ports, the trade hitherto in the 



hands of the Livonians — the arrival of an 

 Englifli vell'el at Archangel opens the way 

 to a direft trade - - 114 



1554 Ruflians conquer Aftracan, and trade on the 



Cafpian - - - iiS 



1558 They conquer Narva, and trade on the Baltic 123 

 ijiofi Many nations trade at Pie fcow - 166 n 



1590 R. acquires Samoicda and tribute of fables 193 



And alfo Siberia — its produce - 19,). 



1655 Exports of Ruffia at Archangel . 463 



1696 Peter eflablifhes a navy on the Black Sea 685 



1703 He builds Cronrtadt and Peterfburg, and con- 



, neL^ts tl'.e Cafpian and Black fta by a canal 727 



17 14 Mofl of the commerce removed to Peterf. 



burg - - - iii, jj. 



1721 An advantageous treaty \Mth Sweden - 118 

 1730 Tar monopolized by the Czarina - 157 



1749 Imports and exports at Ptterfbiirg - 274 



1763 Foreigners are invited to fettle in Ruflia 369 



J764 Gold, filver, &c brought from mines in Si- 

 beria - - - 39r 



1766 Commercial treaty with Great Britain . 448 

 Very foon violated by Ruffia - 451 n 



Shipping, imports a-nd exports at Pcterlburg 



and Narva - . . 454 



1767 Ditto at Petei A-.urg nnd Archangel - 474 



1769 Trade of Petei fourg increafing - 493 



1770 Number of vedbls failed from Peterfburg 506 

 4771,1772 VelTels failed and their cargoes 517,531 

 1775 OpprelTive taxes lightened — trade on Black fea 575 

 J776 Inland navigations from Peteriburg to Cliina 



projefted — fureigners encouraged — a Ruf- 

 fian houfc eftablilhed in Conftantinople — 

 trade iiicreafed - . 597 



1780 Emprefs plans the armed neutrality - 668 



•> A RulTTjin fleet in the Channel - 670 



Inland navigation iuiproved - - 377" 



17S3 Treaty wi'.h the United (tales of America iv, I'i 



Commerce, &.'c of Peterfburg and Riga . 37 



Remaiks on trade of Rullia — tariff' unfavour- 



able to BritUhtrade - - 38 



J784 Grim Tartary ceded to RufTia — free ports 



opened — trade invited - - 41 



17S5 Iron work,; transferred from England to Ruflia 95 



- ■ Surveys and canals undertak,-ii 96 



it, 5J 

 ii(S 



»35 



.78 



259,260 



264 



Ilujia. 



17S5 Imports, exports, &c of Peterfburg 



1786 Treaties with France and Auliria 

 ! 1787 Trade of RufTia this year 



I Ruflians trade on the wcfl coafl of America 



. 1792 Trade of Peterfburg this year 



''793 Ticaty with Great Britain renewed 



I Many articles of Brit, manulaaiire prohibited 286 



Commerce of Peterfburg, &c this year - 287 



1794 Ditto this year . . 330. 



: Ruflians conduft the fea-otter-fur trade with 



I great advantage . . - 3 5^ 



I 1795 Couuiierce of Peterfburg this year - 31,5 



sketch of the hillory of the trade of RiifTiawitli 



I China . . . ^66- 



I 1797 Conuucrcial treaty with Great Britain 40J 



j Commerce of Peterfburg this year - 43*. 



; 1798 A Rufli in fleet joins the Brltifh - 459 



; 1799 Emperor gets coining machinery from England 477 

 I lino He propof'e-; a new armed neutrality . 522 



■553 A'u^a company— a company having fubfcribed 

 a ffock for a trade to China by a north-eaft 

 pafTage, one of their fhips accidentally dil- 

 covers Archangel - - ii, 114 



1554 Being encouraged by the czar of RulTia, thty, 



get a charter from Queen Mary . 117 



'555 They obtain liberal privileges from the czar i»i 

 Some of their early voyages . 121,122 



1558 A. Jenkinfon, one of the company, travels from 



Ruflia to Pcrlii to fettle a trade 

 1563 Agents now travel to Perfia 

 1566 The^ obtain privileges there 



Their trade being invaded by interlopers, 



their charter is fanilioned by parliament 



1568 They are plundered by pirates on the Cafpian 



fea - . . . 



1569 A new treaty with the czar 

 1571 Tlu-y are diltrelfed by lolTes, debts, ic 

 1576 Squabbles with interlopers — tliey ftill endea- 

 vour 10 find a pafl'age to India 



1578 The Diitcli interfere with their trade — they 

 import oil and falmon 



1583 Their fhips are well armed — they are per- 

 mitted to fhelter in Danilh ports — the czar 

 refufesto renew their privileges 



15S4 Their exclulive privileges in Kulfia abrogated; 

 and Englilh, Dutch, and French, vefi'els at 

 Archangel — fume favours now granted by 

 the czar - - - . ,^r. 



They obtain privilegei in Ruffia — not exclufive 181 



J24 



m 

 142 



'47 

 149. 



"53 



'5" 

 i6» 



'7* 



1586 

 i_ii88 



'5'>7 

 1603 



1605 

 1612 

 .613 



1614 



161 5 

 1618 



1620 



i(;2.3 

 1636 



1649. 



And now fome more — ftill not exclufive 



Their (hips catch whales 



They carry fome herrings to Ruffia 



Their Rullian trade and whale-fift.ing decline 



They import the teeth and oil of niorfes 



Their lliips feize the Dutch whalers 



They get an exclufive charter for whale-fifhiiig 

 and drive the French, Dutch, Bifcayan, and 

 Engliih, veftelsfrom the filhery 



They fend 13 ftiips to Greenland 



And only 8 to Ruflia infJead of the ufual 17 



Tliey fend 4 vefl"els toGreen'aai 



Tbcy make a joint ftock with the Eaft-India 

 company fur a whale tifliery 287,592 



They have difputcs wiih the Hull whalers 292 



Two euib.iffies are fent to Ruflia 



A faCftoi travels to Ifpahan — his account of the 

 Perlian trade - - 



Their inteicft guarded in a treaty 



Importation of ^^ hale fin^ and oil confined to 

 the joint ftock of the Ruffia company 



They are put on a level with the Dutch by the 

 czar, and thenceforth are a regulated com- 

 pany - - . 43^^ 



189, 

 265. 



27X 



»75 



279. 

 282 



3=3 



32t 



39" 



