60 WESTMORLAND AGRICULTURE, 1800— 1900 



i s. d. 

 Fencing two sides of a lo-acre field, 50 thorn plants to the 



rood, at 25s. per 1000, 7s. lod. ; planting, carting, etc., 



IS. per rood, 6s. 3d. 

 Proportion for gate and posts . . 



Draining second time, 10 yards apart, at 8d. per rood 

 Clasdng second time, 300 carts to the acre . . 



The value of the land was thus increased to 25s. to 30s. per acre. 



Reclaiming land feU into disuse soon after 1870. and any inclosures 

 that were made after that date were quite insignificant in extent, 

 the tendency being during the last quarter of the century for many 

 acres of the land which had been reclaimed to revert to its original 

 state or even to a worse condition. 



Consequent upon the inclosure of the commons a new industry 

 sprang up in the northern part of the county in the shape of tile works. 

 Tile making was introduced into East Cumberland in 1821 on the 

 Netherby estate and thirty years after there were no fewer than 42 

 tileries in that district. To Lord Lonsdale is given the credit of first 

 using tiles for di-aining in Westmorland on the Lowther estates. Tile 

 works were estabhshed in the Barony of Westmorland at Lowther, 

 Wetherriggs, Julien Bower, Bleatarn, Acorn Bank, etc. — the price 

 of 3-inch tiles in 1852 was 20s. to 27s. 6d. per thousand, in 1868 2-inch 

 tiles cost about 20s. per thousand. In the southern division of the 

 county the only tile works was at Lupton near Kirkby Lonsdale, 

 as clay was not obtainable in other districts and tiles had to be brought 

 out of Lancashire. There are no tileries working now in the county — 

 Wetherriggs is the only pottery left, the manufacture of which is 

 entirely confined to a coarse kind of red pot ware— though up to about 

 ten years ago some 250,000 2-inch tiles were turned out each year 

 from these works, which sold at the rate of 25s. per thousand. 



In Westmorland but few persons availed themselves of the Lands 

 Improvement Company Act and the Private Money Drainage Act, both 

 of which were passed with the object of advancing money for the im- 

 provement of the newly inclosed commons. The sum of £zi,o was 

 borrowed in i860 for improving Gaythorn Hall by a rent charge 

 spread over 25 years, and in 1862 £1500 was borrowed by the Hon. 



