430 SYLV11D.E. 



counties of Dumfries, Wigton, Lanark and Berwick, the 

 Lothians and Perthshire, and occasionally in those of Rox- 

 burgh, Selkirk, Renfrew and Stirling. From the evidence 

 adduced by Mr. Gray it has also been observed in the 

 Highlands so far northward in the west as Loch an Nuagh 

 in the county of Inverness, and in the east as Fyvie in 

 Aberdeen shire, where Mr. Angus took its nest in 1862. 

 Mr. Edward has also found it in Banifshire. It has until 

 lately held a very doubtful place in the Irish fauna, but Mr. 

 Harting was informed by Sir Victor Brooke of his having 

 shot it in the county Fermanagh, and by Mr. Blake-Knox of 

 his possessing a specimen killed in the county Dublin. 



It has been found in Heligoland. Herr Collett doubts the 

 accuracy of the observations which have been recorded of its 

 occurrence in Norway ; nevertheless it visits Sweden, and is 

 said not to be rare in the south of that country, though not 

 going northward of Upsala, and in Finland it seems not to 

 extend further than Kuopio. In Russia, however, it reaches 

 the neighbourhood of Archangel, but it is not common 

 there. Its eastern limits are very uncertain, from the 

 confusion which exists between this species and one or more 

 of its allies, but it is said to breed in the Crimea, and, as 

 might thence naturally be expected, to occur in Asia Minor. 

 Dr. von Heuglin says it is not rare in Egypt, and Lefebvre 

 met with it, in April, in the north of Abyssinia. It occurs 

 in Algeria, and is said by Loehe to breed there, but it would 

 seem to be rare, and was not noticed by Canon Tristram in 

 the Sahara. According to Mr. Saunders, it is found in 

 autumn and winter in Southern Spain, but it does not seem 

 to have been observed in Portugal. Throughout the other 

 parts of the continent of Europe it is a regular summer- 

 visitant to suitable localities. 



The adult male has the bill brown, with lighter edges : 

 the irides hazel : the lores and upper half of the ear-coverts 

 dusky ; above which a streak of bright sulphur-yellow passes 

 from the base of the upper mandible on each side over the 

 eye ; the top of the head, neck, lesser wing-coverts, back and 

 upper tail-coverts, olive-green, tinged with sulphur-yellow; 



