454 SYLV1ID.E. 



by Dr. von Schrenck to be not uncommon and it is named 

 as occurring in Japan, but the Japanese bird has been since 

 regarded as distinct, and, though the Editor cannot decide 

 the question, he is inclined to suppose that Bonaparte's 

 Reyulus japonicus has been rightly separated from the true 

 R. cristatus just as is the case with Mr. Gould's E. himalay- 

 ensis. The Zoological Society received specimens of the 

 present species from Trebizond but no other locality in 

 south-western Asia can be mentioned for it, though it is said 

 to be common in the Caucasus and the Crimea. It seems to 

 be not rare in Turkey and to be resident in parts of Greece. 

 It occurs in Malta, but in Africa has only been noticed in 

 Algeria. Whether it occurs in the Canaries is not known : 

 in Madeira it is represented by R. maderensis, while in the 

 Azores we find R. cristatus, but always having, according 

 to Mr. Frederick Godman, the bill and legs larger than 

 European examples. In Portugal it is rare though occasion- 

 ally met with in the northern provinces, and in Southern 

 Spain it seems to be a regular winter-visitant, but possibly 

 resident in the higher wooded districts. Throughout the 

 rest of Europe it is well known. 



The bill is black : the hides hazel : the male has a line 

 of greyish-white immediately above the base of the bill ; 

 the lores are dusky; the forehead and region of the eyes 

 dull olive-green ; from the forehead on each side rises a 

 black streak, which broadens as it passes backward, the 

 two streaks bounding a crest of somewhat elongated feathers, 

 bright yellow in front but orange behind ; neck, back and 

 upper tail-coverts, olive-green, slightly tinged with yellow ; 

 the smaller wing- coverts tipped with white ; coverts of the 

 primaries black ; those of the secondaries tipped with white, 

 overlying a black spot on the base of the secondaries and 

 tertials ; quills blackish-brown, edged with greenish-yellow 

 the tertials tipped outwardly with dirty white ; all the 

 lower parts pale greyish-olive : legs, toes and claws, brown. 



The whole length about three inches and a half. From 

 the carpus to the end of the longest primary, two inches. 



In the female, the plumage generally is less bright in 



