PASSE RES. 



TREE-PIPIT. 569 



MOTACILLIDJR. 



ANTHUS TBIVIALIS (LinnaBus*). 

 THE TREE-PIPIT. 

 Anthus arboreus^. 



ANTHUS, Jlechstein +. Bill slender, subulate, nearly straight, very slightly 

 notched at the tip ; the mandibles nearly equal in length and their edges slightly 

 compressed inwards. Nostrils basal, lateral, oval and partly concealed by a 

 membrane. Wings moderate, the first primary acuminate and nearly abortive, 

 the second, third and fourth nearly equal, and one of them the longest ; fifth in 

 some species almost as long ; secondaries short, the tertials very long, the longest 

 about equal to the fifth primary or occasionally longer than any. Tail of twelve 

 feathers, moderate and slightly forked. Tarsus scutellated in front, about as 

 long as the middle toe, which is joined to the outer toe at its base ; toes rather 

 long ; claws moderate, except that of the hind toe which in some species is very 

 much elongated. 



* Alauda trivialis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. Ed. 12, i. p. 288 (1766). 

 f Bechstein, Gemeinnutzige Naturgeschichte Deutschlands. Ed. 2, iii. p. 706 

 (1807). 

 J Tom. cit. p. 704. 



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