TAWNY PIPIT. 593 



September, 1862, and examined by him in the flesh, he 

 found that both this specimen, now in Major's Spicer's pos- 

 session, and that previously obtained belonged to a species 

 not hitherto known to have been observed in Britain. On 

 the 30th September, 1864, a third English example of the 

 Tawny Pipit, for such the two already mentioned proved to 

 be, a male taken in a clap-net near Brighton, was seen by 

 Mr. Rowley about an hour after its capture and alive 

 (Zool. p. 9327). This is now in Mr. Monk's collection. 

 A fourth, a male in freshly-moulted plumage, was shot 19th 

 September, 1868, by Mr. Augustus Pechell on Trescoe, one 

 of the Scilly Isles, and was examined the same day by 

 Mr. Rodd (Zool. s.s. p. 1458) in whose possession it still 

 is. On the 6th September, 1869, two more are said by 

 Mr. Wonfor (Zool. s.s. p. 1918) to have been shot at 

 Rottingdean, of which one was too much injured to be 

 preserved ; and on the 20th November following a bird, 

 which, though some doubts have been expressed on the 

 subject, was determined by Mr. Gould (Zool. s.s. p. 2068) 

 to be of this species, was shot on the sandhills to the 

 south of Bridlington Quay by Mr. T. Boynton, in whose 

 possession it remains. On the 29th September, 1870, as 

 the Editor is informed by Mr. Rowley, another Tawny Pipit, 

 an immature bird, was caught at Rottingdean. This is 

 recorded by Mr. Bond (Zool. s.s. p. 2383) and is now in 

 Mr. Monk's collection, while a ninth British example was 

 netted near Brighton early in October, 1873 (Zool. s.s. 

 p. 3832) and passed into Sir John Crewe's possession. 



The Tawny Pipit is a summer- visitor to the greater part 

 of Europe, shewing, with a few exceptions, a preference for 

 dry and barren places. In Holland it breeds on the sand- 

 hills near the sea, and it is met with in suitable localities 

 from thence to the south of Sweden and in the larger 

 islands of the Baltic, while it has occurred in Finland. 

 In the eastern parts of North Germany, Livonia and 

 Esthonia it becomes more common, but in the interior of 

 Russia it does not seem to go further northward than 

 Jaroslav, though it is very common on the steppes of the 



VOL. i. 4 o 



