184 BRITISH BIRDS. 



TRINGA ALPINA. 

 DUNLIN. 



(PLATE 31.) 



Tringa cinclus, j 



Tringa cinclus torquatus, V Briss. Orn. v. pp. 211, 216, 309 (1760). 



Scolopax gallinago anglicana, 1 



Tringa alpina, Linn. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 249 (1766, summer plumage) ; et auctorum 

 plurimorum Vieillot, Wilson, Swainson, Audubon, Pennant, Montagu, Bewick, 

 Fleming, Dresser, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgway, Saunders, &c. 



Tringa cinclus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 251 (1766, winter plumage). 



Scolopax pusilla, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. p. 663 (1788). 



Numenius variabilis, Bechst. Naturg. Deutschl. iii. p. 141 (1809). 



Tringa variabilis (Bec/tst.), Meyer, Taschenb. ii. p. 397 (1810). 



Pelidna cinclus (Briss.), Cuv, Reg. An. i. p. 490 (1817). 



Tringa schinzii, Brehm, Beitr. Vogelk. iii. p. 355 (1822). 



Pelidna variabilis (Bechst.}, Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. xii. pt. i. p. 98 (1824). 



Scolopax alpina (Linn}, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. ii. p. 176 (1826). 



Tringa cinclus minor, Schleg. Rev. Crit. p. 89 (1844). 



Schseniclus cinclus (Briss.), Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus. iii. p. 104 (1844). 



Tringa alpina, var. americana, Baird, Cassin, fy Lawr. B. N. Amer. p. 719 (1858). 



Pelidna pacifica, Corns, Proc. Phil. Acad. 1861, p. 189. 



Tringa cinclus, var. chinensis, Gray, apud Sivinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 408. 



Pelidna alpina americana (Cass.), Ridgw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1881, p. 200. 



The Dunlin is the commonest of all the Sandpipers on the coasts of the 

 British Islands during spring and autumn migration. It is, however, so 

 frequently met with during winter, and also breeds in such numbers in 

 various parts of the country, that it may fairly claim to be regarded as a 

 resident. The Dunlin is a regular summer visitor to the west of Scotland 

 and the adjacent islands, including the Outer Hebrides, the Orkneys, and 

 the Shetlands. It winters in great numbers on the coasts of Ireland, where 

 a few remain to breed on the mountains and bogs. In England it is a very 

 rare and local bird during the breeding-season. Hancock says that it used 

 to breed regularly on P rest wick Car, near Newcastle, before it Avas drained, 

 and its nest is still occasionally found on the Northumberland moors. It 

 still breeds in " the Lakes " and on some of the surrounding moors. 

 The marshes of the Dee in Cheshire still claim to be breeding-places of 

 the Dunlin ; and there can be little doubt that it ought to be found on 

 many of the Welsh mountains, as it has been known to breed on the 

 moors which form the water-parting of Cornwall. It is not known to 

 breed in any other part of England, but there is some evidence that it 

 may do so in the Lincolnshire fens. 



The Dunlin is a circumpolar bird, breeding throughout the Arctic regions 



