420 BRITISH BIRDS. 



PUFFINUS ANGLORUM. 



MANX SHEARWATER. 



(PLATE 56.) 



Puffinus puffinus, Briss. Orn. vi. p. 131 (1760). 



Procellaria puffinus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 213 (1766). 



Procellaria puphinus, Tunst. Orn. Brit. p. 4 (1771). 



Procellaria anglorum, Temm. Man. cTOrn. ii. p. 807 (1820); et auctorum pluri- 



morum (Audubon), (Baird), (Dresser), (Saunders), &c. 

 Puffinus anglorum (Temm.), Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 562. 

 Puffinus arcticus, Faber, Prodr. Isl. Orn. ii. p. 56 (1822). 

 Procellaria yelkouan, Acerbi, Bibl. Ital. cxl. p. 294 (1827). 

 Thalassidroma anglorum (Temm.), Swainson, Classif. B. ii. p. 374 (1837). 

 Nectris puffinus (Briss.), Keys. $ Bias. Wirb. Eur. p. xciv (1840). 

 Cymotomus anglorum (Temm.), Macgill. Man. Orn. ii. p. 13 (1842). 

 Puffinus yelkouan (Acerbi), Bonap. Consp. ii. p. 205 (1857). 

 Nectris anglorum ( Temm.}, Key. Synonymik Eur. Brutv. p. 150 (1872). 



The Manx Shearwater is par excellence the Shearwater of the British 

 Islands, where it is widely distributed, breeding in many localities. It is 

 said to breed on several islands off the Devonshire coast in the British 

 Channel, and certainly does so in the Scilly Islands and in many places 

 in the islands off the west coast of Scotland, especially on Soay, one of the 

 St. Kilda group, and on the Orkneys and Shetlands. It formerly bred on 

 the Calf of Man, and many of its alleged breeding-places in Scotland are 

 now known to be deserted. Its breeding-range in Ireland has not yet been 

 fully investigated, but it is known to nest on Rathlin Island, as well as in 

 some few stations off the Kerry Coast and in St. George's Channel. It is not 

 known to breed anywhere on the east coast of England or Scotland ; but in 

 autumn and winter it wanders far from home, and is then seen more or less 

 commonly on almost every part of the British coasts, including the Channel 

 Islands. 



The Manx Shearwater is exclusively an Atlantic species, breeding only 

 on the European coasts. Its principal colonies are on Iceland, the Faroes, 

 St. Kilda, the islands off the coast of Brittany, the Azores, various islands 

 in the Mediterranean as far east as the Bosphorus, Madeira, and the 

 Canaries. During winter it is found on most coasts of Western Europe, 

 and is a rare straggler to the coasts of South Greenland, Newfoundland, 

 IS ova Scotia, and the United States as far south as New York. 



By some ornithologists the Manx Shearwaters breeding in the Medi- 

 terranean are supposed to he specifically distinct from the Atlantic species; 

 they are said to have brown instead of white axillaries and under tail- 



