LONG-TAILED DUCK. 601 



legs and feet dark slate-grey, darker on the webs; irides reddish 

 brown. The adult female has the forehead and crown brown, a greyish- 

 white ring round the neck, and the whole of the rest of the upper parts are 

 dark brown, with pale-brown margins on the innermost secondaries, and 

 pale-grey margins on the scapulars. The sides of the head are white, but 

 the sides of the neck above the white ring are brown ; the underparts are 

 white, except the chin, upper throat, breast, axillaries, and under wing- 

 coverts, which are brown. Young in first plumage resemble adult females, 

 but the white parts are less white and the brown parts are paler. Young 

 males may be distinguished by the chestnut margins of the scapulars, 

 innermost secondaries, and wing-coverts, and the white on the back of the 

 neck is purer and more clearly defined. Males in first nuptial dress differ 

 from adults in having shorter central tail-feathers, in having the dark parts 

 browner, and have ash-grey markings on the feathers of the upper back 

 and scapulars. In males in moulting-plumage the white on the head is 

 confined to the sides of the face, the rest of the head and neck, upper 

 breast, upper back, and the scapulars being dark brown, the feathers of 

 the upper back and the scapulars having broad clearly defined chestnut 

 margins. The utiderparts below the breast are white, as in the nuptial 

 plumage. Young in down are dark brown on the upper parts, and nearly 

 white on the underparts, but the white on the throat nearly meets on the 

 nape, and the brown below it extends in a narrow band across the breast. 

 There is a white patch on the lores at the base of the upper mandible, and 

 an obscure white mark round the eye. 



VOL. III. 2 A 



