590 



Popular Science Monthly 



A rolled up coat or dunnage bag is a 

 good substitute for a, pillow and when these 

 are not available put a block of wood under 

 the brush at the head. 



The extent of the provision supply will 

 be governed by the proposed duration of 

 the trip, but do not figure too closely. 

 Better come out with a surplus than be 

 hungry. 



Removing Automobile Engine- Valves 

 Enclosed in a Sleeve 



AN automobile engine-valve set in a 

 . sleeve is rather difficult to remove at 

 times owing to the fact that both sleeve 

 and valve must be removed at the same 

 time and the former is apt to bind in its 

 casing. A simple method is to remove the 

 lever-arm that depresses the valve-stem 

 and slowly turn over the motor-shaft. The 

 air compressing under the valve will drive 

 it from the cylinder-head. 



A Bolt Washer Used for a 

 Nut Lock 



TO prevent bolts or nuts from becom- 

 ing loose through vibration, a special 

 metal washer, as shown in the sketch, may 

 be inserted between the head of the bolt 

 and the surface of the wood or metal. 

 The washer A may be made of sheet iron 

 or brass about 1/32 of 

 an inch thick. After 

 the bolt has been 

 tightened so as to 

 grip the washer firm- 

 ly, the edge of the 

 washer is made to 

 turn over the edge at 

 B, while the other 



Metal washers with comers turned up to 

 make the nut vibration-proof when it is set 



projecting end is bent up around the nut 

 or head of the bolt. In this way the 

 washer grips the nut and prevents it from 

 loosening. The corners of the washer are 

 shown bent in their holding position at C 

 and before bending at D. Such a washer 

 is only applicable to bolts and cap 

 screws where they are used in pairs and 

 close together. 



Making a Kick-Mobile for 

 Snow and Ice 



THE illustration shows how the kick- 

 mobile may be used for winter sport 

 by substituting a skate-runner for the 



A skate-runner makes an excellent substitute 

 for the wheels on a skate-mobile for winter sport 



wheels. If it is difficult to remove the 

 wheels from the kick-mobile the entire 

 skate-mobile can be made as follows: The 

 main part or foot-rest consists of a board 

 18 in. long, 4 in. wide and i in. thick. The 

 bottom view of this is shown at A. The 

 shape of the board represents a large shoe- 

 sole, on which a block B, also the shape 

 and size of the shoe-sole, is fastened. This 

 is used for a base on which to clamp the 

 skate, just as you would fasten it to a 

 shoe. The steering-post is a broom-stick 

 with its ends squared off, or tenons made 

 to fit into mortises. The mortises for the 

 handle are cut into the crossbar in its 

 center and in the front end of the base A . 

 These should be made a close or drive fit 

 to make them solid. 



The details of the upper end of the post 

 and handlebar are shown at C. Glue and 

 brads fasten this joint in place. A little 

 to the rear of the central part of the plat- 

 form, a block D 14 in. thick is screwed on 

 and used as a buffer or stop for the heel of 

 the shoe. It is best to use hardwood for 

 all parts and to paint or oil the surfaces 

 when the machine is complete. The skate 

 may be removed for sharpening at any 

 time. On snow roads it is not necessary 

 for the skate to be sharp, for a dull skate 

 will run satisfactorily. 



