Popular Science Mot^ikl^ 



673 



of the cocoon it had formed 

 a tube of this hardened shme. 

 This led to the outer atmos- 

 phere and furnished air to 

 the lungs while the fish 

 slept there. The clod was 

 cut from the river bed and 

 was carried thousands of 

 miles, but nothing disturbed 

 the inmate until it was 

 placed in tepid water which 

 melted the cocoon. Then 

 the fish awoke, to find itself 

 in the aquarium in the hall 

 of fossil fishes in the Museum ; 

 but whether or not it realized any difference 

 in its environment could not be ascertained. 

 Perhaps it merely supposed it had reached 

 the next stage in its evolution and was sur- 

 prised that the change was so slight. 



The miniatu:>. 

 ideal it represents. 



p IS true in every detail to the 

 Even escort wagons and mviles are shown 



A Stencil-Cutter Is the Typewriter 

 of the Shipping-Room 



THE old pot and brush method of 

 painting addresses on cases to be 

 shipped has been superseded by the use of 

 stencils in the majority of business houses. 

 The addresses are cut out on stiff paper 

 by the cutter, and the stencil is placed 

 against the case. The paint is applied 

 through the cut-out spaces. 



In the letter-cutting machine the punches 

 and dies which stamp the letters are carried 

 on circular beds, one bed above the other. 

 One bed carries the punches and the other 

 carries the dies. The paper is placed 

 between the two. The 

 beds are rotated by 

 a wheel until the 



The stencil is prepared by forcing letter- 

 shaped punches and dies through stiff paper 



pointer on the 

 wheel stops in 

 front of the 

 corresponding 

 letter on a sta- 

 tionary' scale. 

 The punching-lever is then pressed, and 

 the punch and die come together and force 

 the outline of the letter through the paper. 

 Stencils made in this manner cost but a 

 tenth of a cent each. Each stencil can be 

 used many times. They are so clear-cut and 

 legible that some steamship companies will 

 not accept packages marked in any otherway . 



A Toy Field Hospital for an 

 Object Lesson 



A MINIATURE camp with tents about 

 one foot high was erected during the 

 past summer for demonstration purposes 

 in the center of a real camp of about 18,000 

 troops covering nearly 1,000 acres of ground 

 at San Antonio, Texas. It was made and 

 set up by a field hospital company of the 

 National Guard of Florida, 

 just to show how a model 

 field hospital should look. 

 The tents were made of 

 regulation khaki-colored 

 canvas with the pre- 

 scribed number of guy- 

 ropes and tent pins. 

 They included the pyr- 

 amidal tents such as 

 are used by the staff 

 of a field hospital com- 

 pany and the large 

 wall tents of the so- 

 called "hospital" type, 

 which house the wards 

 for the patients, and the 

 operating rooms. 



Miniature army escort 

 wagons that were made 

 according to scale were 

 parked at one end of the 

 model camp and near 

 them was a picket line 

 where a number of toy 

 horses and mules stood 

 with their noses buried in 

 tiny bundles of hay. 



Within the ward tents were cots and 

 other furnishings and in front of the 

 camp stood a flag pole from which a 

 national emblem and medical corps flag 

 fluttered in the breeze. Even the snrallest 

 details of the regulation hospital camp, were 

 faithfully reproduced. 



