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and fasten it to the ground. In making 

 puts, the feet of the competitor may rest 

 against but not on top of this board. 



A fair pat is one in which no part of the 

 person of the competitor touches the top 

 of the stopboard, the top of the circle, 

 or the ground outside the circle. 



The measurement of each put is taken 

 at the circle from the nearest mark made 

 by the fall of the shot to the inside of the 

 circumference •. 

 of the circle on 

 a line from 

 such mark 

 made by the 

 shot to the cen- 

 ter of the circle. 



Foul puts 

 and letting go 

 the shot in 

 making an at- 

 temptare 



counted as trial puts without result. It is a 

 foul if the competitor steps on the circle, or 

 leaves the circle before his throw has been 

 marked. 



Each competitor has three trial puts, 

 and the best five, three more. Each com- 

 petitor is credited with the best of all 

 his puts. 



Beginners should first practice the "foot 

 work," without the shot. When starting 

 to use the shot do not try to put it as 

 far as you can, but concentrate upon form. 

 Gradually increase the distance of the put. 

 Do only ten or a dozen puts a day. To 

 prevent wrist sprain wear a wrist bandage 

 when putting. Do not try to get an easy, 

 graceful action; the best putters work 

 with snap. 



Popular Science Monthly 



In the center at the side 

 a stop-board is placed 



Hammer Throwing 



This event is done with an object like 

 a shot to which is attached a wire handle 

 and grips. Like the shot it must be thrown 

 from a 7-ft. circle. 



It is a dangerous sport and should not 

 be introduced unless spectators can be 

 kept 200 ft. away. The usual weights of 

 hammers are 12 and 16 lb. 



There are two styles of throwing: The 

 no-turn style and the turn style. For the 

 no-turn style, stand with the feet i3^ ft. 

 apart, heels near the front of the ring and 

 the back in the direction in which the 

 throw is to be made. Place the hammer 

 head on the ground well to the right of the 

 circle. Start the swing to the left at arm's 

 length. Circle the hammer diagonally 

 around the head two or three times, then 

 hurl it backward and upward at an angle 

 of 45 deg. There may be some difficulty 

 in keeping the balance after the throw. 

 If this cannot be overcome, the thrower 

 should stand nearer the center of the 

 circle so as to allow for a backward step 

 if necessary. 



For the turn style, the thrower stands 

 in the center of the circle in the attitude 

 described. After two or three swings 

 around the head the thrower turns with 

 further swings (one, two, or three) and 

 then hurls the hammer. These turns give 

 a great impetus to the throw, but they are 

 difficult. 



The turn is made as the hammer swings 

 up to the left. It is a complete turn. The 



^ 



Place the hammer head on the ground well to the right of the circle and start the swing 

 to the left at arm's length; circle the hammer around the head and hurl it backward 



