160 OUR VANISHING FORESTS 



mind that the lumberman is the forester's enemy, 

 and vice-versa. As the Irishman would say, the 

 lumberman should be a forester first and the for- 

 ester should be a lumberman first. A combination 

 of the two, a man who has had real experience in 

 both fields, may be rightly called a forest engineer, 

 and it is his type that is gradually helping to solve 

 the problem. 



In parts of eastern Canada, Maine, New Hamp- 

 shire and New York, pulpwood is brought to the 

 mills by much the same methods of winter cutting 

 and spring driving of the rivers as were made 

 famous in Stewart Edward White's stories of the 

 old Michigan days. The company itself operates a 

 certain number of camps under its direct manage- 

 ment and control, but often a considerable quantity 

 of the timber is "contracted." While it was gen- 

 erally realized that the contract system resulted in 

 only the best timber being taken and the remainder 

 being left in scattered bunches which would not 

 permit of a second cut except at prohibitive cost, it 

 has remained for the new type of forest engineer to 

 demonstrate the really awful and destructive waste 

 therefrom. It is the forest engineer too, who has 

 now produced figures to show that pre-planning and 

 careful preliminary reconnaissance and mapping, 

 even at considerable expense, will not only extend 



