AMERICAN SYLVICULTURE 



The Atlantic and the Pacific forest join under the influence of 

 the Hudson Bay winds in the provinces of Saskatchewan and Al- 

 berta. There are no prairies proper north of 52 degrees latitude. 



A. The Atlantic forest. 



I. Eastern tropical forest. Mahogany occurs only as a small 

 tree, Palms and other typically tropical orders (Sapotaceae, Ebon- 

 aceae, Euphorbiaceae, Verbenaceae) compose the forest. It must 

 be remembered that Southern Florida exhibits but the extreme 

 northern occurrence of the tropical forest. 



II. Eastern sub-tropical forest. It shows evergreen Oaks, Mag- 

 nolias, Persea, etc., besides the Pines, the soil being too poor for the 

 formation of a large wintergreen broad-leafed forest. The Avinter 

 temperature averages 53' degrees Faht.; precipitations are heavy; 

 relative humidity is 75 degrees. Sabal palmetto is a characteristic 

 weed. Bald Cypress and Cuban Pine are characteristic trees of 

 the region. Among the other Pines, the Long Leaf Pine is the most 

 important, associated in the north and west with Pinus clausa, 

 echinata, taeda, serotina, glabra. Liquidambar, Nyssa and Fraxinus 

 platycarpa occur in swamps at the edge of which Southern '\^^ute 

 Cedar appears frequently. 



III. Eastern winter bald forest of the moderately warm zone. 

 It is fringed at the south, north and east by a broaa belt of Pines, 

 which belt connects this region at the south with the sub-tropical 

 forest, at the north with the Fir and Spruce forest of the moder- 

 ately cold zone. It is divided into a northern and a southern half 

 by the 39th degree of latitude. Each half sIioavs an Atlantic, a 

 central and a prairial sub-region. 



a. South Central Sub-region. Traversed by the Mississippi, the 

 sub-region is characterized by high temperatures, large precipita- 

 tions and fine soil, which allow of the best development of broad- 

 leaved woods found in the world. Twenty-three Oak species, eight 

 Hickory species, two Walnuts, Buckeyes, Chestnut, Gums, Cotton- 

 woods, Yellow Poplar, Sycamore, Beech, Maple, Elm, Red Cedar, etc., 

 stand in a dense undergrowth formed by Dogwood, Kalmia, Rho- 

 dodendron, Hazel, Hawthorn, Buckthorn, Witch Hazel, etc. 



In this sub-region the heavy seeded broad-leaved trees obtain 

 the maximum of size, quality and number of species at altitudes 

 running up to 3,000 feet. Higher up the number of species 

 diminishes. At 5,000 feet only Red Oak, Chestnut, Beech, Buckeye, 

 Sugar Maple (resembling north central subdivision) are found, and 

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