THE ART OF THE SECOND GROWTH 



tions is at times remarkably great. Fir, Spruce, Beech and Maple- 

 may be met grown but six feet high when sixty years old, retarded 

 by parental superstructure. 



The pure advance growth group type is frequently bastardized,, 

 in Europe, Avith the shelterwood group type when the forester 

 uses existing groups of advance growth as nuclei to be gradually 

 enlarged, instead of using spots as nuclei for group regeneration on 

 which the soil chances to be in a conceptions condition. Further, 

 when a shelterwood group is forming, advance growth groups are 

 frequently started, under the influence of side light on seedlings 

 and humus, at a goodly distance from the shelterwood group, under- 

 neath an apparently heavy superstructure of mother trees. 



The advance growth group type pure and simple, however,- 

 merely implies the freeing of chance growth from a superstructure. 

 It has nothing to do with the gradual enlargement of a group by 

 ringwise cutting around the group. 



The " hairdressing " of groups of advance growth is sometimes 

 commendable. 



B. Actual application: Systematically, this type is nowhere 

 applied in its purity. Accidentally, however, the lumbermen of 

 America happen to employ it in woods composed of Fir, Hemlock, 

 Maple, Beech, etc. 



Primeval nature employs this type quite largely. 



C. Advantages: The advantages of the type are identical with 

 those given under C, I, II and IV, in paragraph LIV. In addition, 

 this type may often allow the forester to favor a desirable species 

 of shade-bearing character. 



Under sylvicnltural care, it renders regeneration an absolute 

 certainty. The trees forming the superstructure frequently happen 

 to be of a marketable size. The type does not require much sylvi- 

 cnltural understanding. 



D. Disadvantages: 



I. Border trees to the leeward of advance growth are subject 

 to windfall and sun scald. 



II. Advance growth groups continue to be badly suppressed^ 

 along the edge of the group, by border trees. 



in. The logging operations are scattering, and an intricate 

 system of permanent roads is required. 



IV. Only intense shade bearers can be properly managed^ under 

 this type; light demanders found in mixture with shade bearers 

 must gradually disappear from the mixture. The shade bearers will' 

 form groups of advance growth readily vmderneath light demanders = 

 but not vice versa. 



