80 Miscellaneous. 



As to form, there is not so much scope for difference. . . Using these 

 as characters, then, it is impossible to deny that there are tolerably 

 well-marked differences between the parasites of different races ; and 

 as in several of these races I have had the benefit of a large series 

 of specimens, I am able to add that these differences are constant." 

 " There remains the question, what is the value of these differences 

 as bearing upon the unity of the human species ? I am bound to 

 confess that I think it leaves it exactly where it was before. I think 

 I may say I have satisfactorily proved that there are differences, and 

 that these differences are constant and permanent : that is, no doubt, 

 something. But, unluckily, these differences are most singularly 

 similar to the differences in the races whose unity is the question in 

 dispute, and to solve which this evidence has been adduced. . . To 

 attempt to draw any deduction from these differences in the Pediculi 

 would therefore, as it appears to me, be something like begging the 

 whole question." — Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 1861. 



On a new Species of Fish belonging to the Genus Pagrus. 

 By Dr. Albert Gunther. 

 Pagrus Bocagii, Lowe. 



D. Yo- A- I- L. lat. 65. L. transv. 7/17. 



The greatest depth of the body is below the fourth dorsal spine, 

 where it is one-third of the total length ; the length of the head is 

 one-fourth of it. The diameter of the eye equals the width of the 

 interorbital space, is one-fourth of the length of the head, and two- 

 thirds of that of the snout. The prseorbital is longer than high, and 

 higher than the orbit. There are six series of rather narrow scales 

 between the prseorbital and the angle of the prseoperculum. Molar 

 teeth in two series, — those of the outer series being conical, pointed, 

 and much larger than those of the inner series. The third, fourth, 

 and fifth dorsal spines are produced, flexible (in immature specimens) ; 

 the second and third anal spines of nearly equal length and strength, 

 one-third of the length of the head. The pectoral extends on to the 

 vertical from the first soft anal ray, and its length is contained three 

 and a half times in the total ; the ventral reaches to the anal fin. 

 Silvery, with red, shining golden stripes along the series of scales ; 

 a dark-claret spot on the back beneath the fifth, sixth, seventh, and 

 eighth dorsal rays, extending on the membrane of the fin ; a smaller 

 spot on the upper part of the axil ; the spinous dorsal, caudal, anal, 

 and ventral fins with the margin blackish. Length 9j inches. 



Hab. Sea of Lisbon. 



This fish forms a new addition to the European fauna. It has 

 been sent to the British Museum by the Rev. R. T. Lowe in a fine 

 collection of fishes made at Lisbon. He proposes to call it after 

 Dr. Bocage, of the Lisbon Museum, in case it should prove to be a 

 new form, and writes : — " It grows very large ; I saw one which 

 was 2 feet 10 inches long, and was said to weigh more than 16 lbs. 

 Its head was bright red or vermilion. The elongate dorsal spines are 

 only a conspicuous character in young examples." — Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 Nov. 13, 1860. 



