UPLAND WILLOW OAK. TUKKEY OAK. BLUE .JACK. 107 



The wood is heavy, very strong;, hard, coarse-grained, and 

 inclined to check in drying ; dark brown in color ; the sapwood 

 lighter. It is sometimes, althongh rarely, nsed for clapboards 

 and coarse staves. 



^ Quercus brevifolia Sargent."- 



(upland willow oak". TURKEY OAK. liLUE .TACK.) 



A small tree, with large oval crown, rongh .dark gray bark, and 

 slender drooping branches, reaching a height of .5<» feet and a 

 diameter of 18 tu 2<» inches. 



It occurs on sandy l)arrens and dry ridges from North Carolina 

 near the coast to Cape Malabar and Pease creek, Florida, and 

 westward along the Gulf coast to eastern Texas. 



In this State, where it has an average height of 30 feet and a 

 diameter of 10 inches, it is found in the pine barrens of the 

 coastal plain region. Immediately along the coast it sometimes 

 reaches a larger size. 



It bears fruit abundantly and at frei^uent intervals, and seed- 

 lings and young trees are common on the dry pine barrens. 



The oblong entire leaves are bristle-tipped and covered with a 

 white down on the lower surface. About one-third of the small 

 globose hoary acorn is covered by a stemless shallow cup. The 

 winter-buds are small and oval. 



The wood is heavy, hard, strong, close-grained, and compact ; 

 light brown in color; the sapwood darker. It is used only for 

 fuel. The bark yields a tine yellow dye. 



Quercus imbricaria. Michanx. 

 (shingle oak.) 



A slender tree, with dark gray, rough or rather smooth bark, 

 and smooth, light gray branches which form a large spreading top, 

 reaching a height of 100 and a diameter of 4 feet. 



It occurs from Pennsylvania westward to western Missouri and 

 northeastern Kansas, and south to northern Georgia and Alabama, 



*(,)uercus eiiierea, Mk-haux. 



