26O THE MEANING OF EVOLUTION 



and he will be steadied whether he will or not, until 

 his own will reforms itself and gains the mastery. 

 Inasmuch as all that is in man comes from his 

 environment or from his heredity, the only way in 

 which the race of men can be advanced is by improv- 

 ing their environment or by bettering their heredity. 

 The first of these is the province of the sociologist; 

 the second that of the eugenist. The sociologist has 

 for some time been giving his careful attention to 

 the improvement of the environment. In every large 

 city, a man must build for himself a house fit to live 

 in, if he build it at all. Whether he erects it for 

 himself or for another makes no difference. Society 

 will no longer allow him to build a home which is a 

 detriment to the one who lives in it. Not only must 

 he make himself a decent home but he must keep it 

 in decent condition. The community will not allow 

 him to endanger his own health, or that of his neigh- 

 bor, by an insufficient method of attending to his 

 garbage, or by a lack of ordinary cleanliness. If 

 he will not clean his premises himself, the law sees 

 to it that they are cleaned for him. Already we 

 are beginning to understand that no man has a right 

 to employ another man or woman or child at wages 

 which are not sufficient to maintain the one thus em- 

 ployed. The wages of many people are exceedingly 

 meager, notably those of women and children. He 



