20 BULLETIN 1003, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



surface. There was a little dead, down wood, and, as the tops of 

 freshly fallen trees did not appear to be essentially different from 

 those seen elsewhere and were obtainable nearer Moscow, a sample 

 of this wood was not taken. It was difficult to judge the relative 

 quality of the green stumps other than by the proportion of heart- 

 wood to sapwood, the apparent resin content of the heartwood being 

 quite uniform. The proportion of truly resinous heartwood to sap- 

 wood varies greatly, however, a matter of importance in considering 

 the value of the stumps, owing to the dearth of resin in the sapwood. 

 Probably 50 per cent of the green yellow-pine stumps are of the 

 quality represented by sample, and the remainder of inferior quality, 

 in so far as the proportion of heartwood to sapwood is concerned. 



It would be very difficult to remove these stumps unless they were 

 taken out with the logging operations, because of the fact that the 

 mountainous topography and limited rainfall preclude an extensive 

 agricultural development in the wake of the logging operations. The 

 surface of the land presents an irregular series of steep ridges be- 

 tween which wind deep, narrow valleys, where spur tracks are laid 

 for the logs which are skidded down the hillsides to be loaded on 

 tracks, moved as fast as the logs are taken away. The stumps, 

 therefore, become inaccessible as soon as the tracks are taken up. 



CRAIG MOUNTAIN REGION. 



The yellow pine of the Craig Mountain region is a practically 

 pure stand over an area some 10 miles long by 5 miles wide on an 

 elevated, fairly level plateau. Receding from this central area the 

 timber opens abruptly on Mission Canyon and the prairie country 

 toward the north and west, and less abruptly toward the east, 

 while toward the south it soon becomes mixed with fir and tamarack 

 in the Salmon River country. A lumber mill with a daily capacity 

 of about 125,000 feet operates in Winchester, which is centrally lo- 

 cated in this yellow-pine belt. Comparatively little of the timber 

 had been cut. 



In the central pine area the stand of yellow pine varied from 

 400,000 to 800,000 board feet a "forty," with an average of approxi- 

 mately 20 stumps over 30 inches in diameter an acre where the 

 stand was closest. The mill men and cruisers consulted agreed that 

 probably 25 per cent of the total stand throughout this region is 

 "bull pine." 



Seven samples were taken from this region, as follows: (a) 

 Green yellow-pine stumpwood from several stumps blown out of 

 the roadbed in extending spur tracks for logging purposes; (b) 

 medium to rich stumpwood from stumps blown out in highway 

 construction; (c) medium to poor stumpwood from the same locality 

 in which the medium to rich samples were obtained; (d) medium to 



