FISHES OF THREE WISCONSIN LAKES 25 



they are not listed as pertaining to any particular lake. The 

 fishes peculiar to certain lakes are as follows: 



Lake Pepin three species of the genus Carpoides, sauger, channel cat, mud 

 cat, sand sturgeon, mooneye, gizzard shad, skipjack, spoonbill, pirate perch, 

 duck-billed gar, a shiner (Notropis jejunus), two species of Moxostoma. 



Lake Michigan long-nosed sucker, whitefish, lake trout, cottid, lawyer. 



Lake Wingra dogfish, bream. 



Lake Geneva brook trout. 



Lake Mendota none. 



Green Lake none. 



It is of interest to note that the lakes representing two primi- 

 tive habitats on each drainage system have the largest number 

 of species which are not found in other lakes. The reservoirs 

 (Mississippi River and Great Lakes) which have since glacial 

 times furnished the population of the inland lakes of Wisconsin 

 have not sent all their species into the available localities. 

 Some species migrated, others are specialized for life in large 

 lakes and have never taken to streams or inland lakes. The 

 true lake fishes (perch, cisco, long-nosed sucker, whitefish, lake 

 trout) when conditions are favorable have entered inland lakes 

 and often become abundant. The typical river fishes have been 

 much less ready to enter the inland lakes of the Mississippi 

 drainage system and many have never become an element in 

 their fish fauna (red-horses, quillbacks, spoonbill, mooneye, 

 gizzard shad, sauger, catfishes). 



Lake Wingra more nearly approaches conditions characteris- 

 tic of swamps than any of the lakes, and two fishes characteristic 

 of swamps and creeks were caught in it, bream and dogfish. 

 Lake Geneva is remarkable for its rocky shores, and hence has 

 affinities with the rapids formations in brooks. Its peculiar 

 fish is the brook trout, and the rock bass, smallmouth black 

 bass and wall-eyed pike are more abundant in it than in any 

 other lake. 



In one of his papers Forbes (1910) said: "A lake is sessile, 

 simple, stolid, coelenterate; a river is motile, complex, sensitive, 

 and articulate: a lake has an aspect, a constitution; but a river 

 has a character, a behavior." To the writer nothing is more 

 inspiring than a lake, and no environment has more "character." 

 A lake is also satisfactory for scientific study because it has a 

 unity and orderly sequence that a barren, changeful river must 



