246 WEEDS OF THE FARM AND GARDEN 



and perfect; achenes oblong, tapering; pappus of copious, 

 soft, white capillary bristles. Common in moist woods; 

 in the North, also in recent clearings which have been 

 burned over, hence the common name. From New Eng- 

 land to Northwest Territory, Kansas, Louisiana and the 

 southern Rockies. 



Burdock (Arctium Lappa, 

 L.). A coarse, branched, 

 hairy biennial from one to 

 three feet high; leaves large, 

 roundish or heart-shaped, 

 thin, obtuse, entire or dentate, 

 tufted or matted with soft 

 hairs on the under side ; peti- 

 oles deeply furrowed ; bristles 

 of the pappus unequal ; na- 

 tive to Europe, common in gar- 

 dens, fields and waste places in 

 the northern states, but some- 

 times cultivated for its root, 

 which is used in medicine. 



Bull Thistle (Cirsium lance- 

 olatum, (L.) Hill.). A 



Fig. S 6. Fireweed (Erech- branching perennial, three to 

 tites hieracifolia). Common in four feet high, covered with 

 the North in burnt-over areas. mat tcd woolly hairs becoming 

 (C. M. King.) . , j MI -1 



dark green and villous with 



age ; leaves lanceolate, decurrent on the stem with prickly 

 wings deeply pinnatifid, the lobes with rigid, prickly 

 points, the upper face roughened with short hairs, the 

 lower, cottony ; heads one and three-fourths to two inches 

 high ; bracts of the involucre lanceolate, rigid when 

 young, more flexible with age ; long attenuated, prickly 

 pointed, spreading tips, woolly weblike ; flower hermaph- 

 rodite, purple; achenes one and one-half inches long, 

 pappus of numerous plumose bristles. This is a trouble- 



