CHAPTER IV. 



MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO-PIPES. CHRONOLOGICAL SERIES OF 

 EXAMPLES. TILES FOR GARDEN KNOTS. THE WEDGWOODS. 



JOHN WEDGWOOD. PUZZLE JUGS. EARTHENWARE 



CKADLE. DELFT WARE. ENGLISH DELFT WARE. UNIVER- 

 SALITY OF BLUE IN POTTERY. EMBOSSED STONE WARE. 

 DISCOVERY OF THE USE OF FLINT, BY ASTBURY. PATENTS 

 FOR GRINDING FLINT. PATENT FOR DAMASKING, ETC. 

 RALPH SHAW. LITIGATION WITH OTHER POTTERS. 

 POSSET POTS. DR. THOMAS WEDGWOOD, JUNIOR. RALPH 

 WOOD. 



AMONG tlie many descriptions of fictile art made in the 

 pottery district, TOBACCO-PIPES had, from many years before 

 Plot's time, been made at Newcastle-under-Lyme, and Ast- 

 bury, soon after he commenced at Shelton, appears to have 

 begun to use the Biddeford pipe-clay, for coating over and 

 washing the insides of vessels. By constant improvements 

 on this, the white dipped ware, or white stone ware, was 

 soon produced. The maker of tobacco-pipes at Newcastle- 

 under-Lyme, in 1676 and thereabouts, was Charles Riggs, 

 of whom Plot makes mention. 



It may be interesting to my readers, while thus alluding 

 to the manufacture of tobacco-pipes in the potteries, to know 

 something of their forms at the time when Plot wrote, as 

 well as in preceding and later times. This will be best done 

 by aid of the following illustrations. In the reign of Eliza- 

 beth, the pipes which are now and then dug up, and are in 

 our day, from their small size and peculiar shapes, known 

 as " fairy pipes," and other similar names were usually, 

 it appears, of the elongated form. Pipes of this shape are 



