CHAPTER X. 



JOSIAH WEDGWOOD'S INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES. TERRA 

 GOTTA. BASALTES, WHITE PORCELAIN BISCUIT, JASPER, 

 BAMBOO AND MORTAR WARES. IMITATION AGATE AND 

 MARBLE. MR. S. C. HALLOS COLLECTION. WEDGWOOD DE- 

 TERMINES UPON REMOVING FROM BURSLEM. PURCHASES 



THE RIDGE HOUSE ESTATE. ERECTION OF THE " BLACK 



WORKS." TAKES THOMAS BENTLEY INTO PARTNERSHIP. 

 NOTICE OF THE BENTLEYS. THE " OCTAGON" CHAPEL AT 



LIVERPOOL. WEDGWOOD AND BENTLEY. " ETRURIA" 



WORKS. BUILDING OF ETRURIA HALL. FOUNDING AND 



BUILDING OF THE VILLAGE OF ETRURIA. ETRUSCAN VASES, 



SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON. COUNT CAYLUS. WEDGWOOD 

 DECLINES TO SECURE HIS INVENTIONS BY PATENT-RIGHT. 

 TAKES OUT THE ONLY PATENT HE EVER APPLIED FOR. 

 SPECIFICATION FOR ENCAUSTIC PAINTING, ETC. 



THE characteristic properties of the different varieties of 

 wares to which I alluded at the close of the last chapter 

 as having been introduced in rapid succession by Josiah 

 Wedgwood, were thus described by himself ; and I cannot, 

 therefore, do better than quote his own words : 



"1. A terra-cotta ; resembling porphyry, granite, Egyptian 

 pebble, and other beautiful stones of the silicious or crystalline 

 order. 



"2. Basaltes or black ware ; a black porcelain biscuit of nearly 

 the same properties with the natural stone ; striking fire with steel, 

 receiving a high polish, serving as a touchstone for metals, resisting 

 all the acids, and bearing without injury a strong fire : stronger, 

 indeed, than the basaltes itself. 



" 3. White porcelain biscuit, of a smooth, wax-like surface, of the 

 same properties with the preceding, except in what depends upon 

 colour. 



