UNTESTED VARIETIES, ETC. 263 



downy, it is easily detected in foliage, and the bunches being not shoul- 

 dered, while the Isabella is always shouldered. 



Berries, often large, roundish oval, thick skin, quite black ; flesh, firm 

 pulp, juicy, musky, often harsh. 



Minor's Seedling, Shurtleffs Seedling, Northern Muscadine, Charter 

 Oak, Mammoth, and some others are cultivated in localities, but their good 

 qualities seem destined to remain in circumscribed limits ; not having yet 

 been seen, when cultivated away from their first friends, inclines us to say 

 they are simply varieties of the Fox Grape. 



Hyde's Eliza, Troy Grape, Pennsylvania, Sherman, Chillicothe Seedling, 

 and Lee's, are all sub- varieties, and not equal to the original Isabella. 



Pond's Seedling, James' Seedling. Clermont, White Catawba, and Zane, 

 are sub-varieties of the Catawba, but not equaling it. The " Mammoth 

 Catawba '' is also a sub, which, under high culture, surpasses the original 

 only in size. 



TAFT. 



Originated with W. P. Taft, Cleveland, 0. Bunches, medium, short, 

 compact, variety shouldered ; berries, above medium, globular compressed, 

 light green in shade, marblings of chocolate red in sun ; flesh, slightly 

 pulpy, juicy, sweet, a little musky ; skin, tough, thick, with somewhat of 

 the pungency belonging to the common Fox Grape ; vines very hardy ; fruit 

 ripens two weeks before Isabella. 



TO-KALON. 



Raised by Dr. Spofford, of Lansingburgh, N. Y. This fine grape has 

 been but little disseminated in consequence of the general supposition that 

 it was very much like, if not identical with, the Catawba, from which it 

 is entirely distinct in wood, foliage, and every characteristic of the fruit. 

 It is a vigorous grower, foliage very large, abundant, and much less rough 

 than Catawba or Isabella, and the alae of the leaves overlap each other 

 different from any other with which we are acquainted. 



Bunches large and shouldered ; berries varying in form from oval to 

 oblate, very dark in color and profusely covered with bloom. Its fruit, 

 when ripe, is very sweet, buttery, and luscious, without foxiness in its 

 aroma, or any toughness or acidity in its pulp. It is perfectly hardy, and 

 with good treatment in deep, rich, pervious soil, it is an early and abun- 

 dant bearer with indifferent treatment it is a poor bearer. It ripens a 

 little earlier than Isabella. (Downing.) 



YORK MADEIRA. 



From York Co.. Pa. Excellent when fully ripe ; extremely productive, 

 hardy: canes, rather slender, short jointed ; resembles Miller's Burgundy 

 in size of berry, shape, and compactness of bunch. Excellent when fully 

 ?ipe } of a peculiar flavor. (Downing.) 



