62 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



nerally be clearly made out on examination by the critical 

 observer. The red spotting and red streaks in the flesh is 

 also a very reliable symptom and yet even this is not abso- 

 lutely so, unless the trained eye can distinguish certain other 

 similar troubles. The pustular spot caused by the fungus 

 H elminthosporium produces red spotting which somewhat re- 

 sembles yellows. The red spots produced by the curl-leaf 

 fungus might possibly be confused by one who did not know 

 them, and still less likely of confusion are the flecks caused by 

 the black spot fungus, Cladosporimn. The prematuring and 

 red spotting, therefore, should occur without apparent cause 

 and are rather easy to distinguish, though hard to describe. 



The Twigs. Trees affected by the yellows sooner or later 

 push small, yellow, wiry, vertical sprouts from the main limbs 

 or from the tops of the branches. These sprouts oftentimes 

 push their lateral buds, occasionally three and four times re- 

 peated. This results in a tangled, bushy, or broom-like 

 growth. All sorts of variations occur in the development of 

 this symptom. Some years, apparently every diseased tree 

 in the orchard promptly pushes great numbers of these sprouts. 

 In the season of 1906 in Virginia and Maryland thousands of 

 trees pushed wiry sprouts in the fall after the fruit was off, 

 having shown no previous indication of trouble. Usually the 

 bushing is rather pronounced in the latter stages of the dis- 

 ease. Sometimes in the earlier stages the diseased tree does 

 not make the abnormal sprout growth at all, and occasionally a 

 tree goes through all the stages and dies without making any 

 abnormal sprouts. Trees headed back and forced into growth, 

 so far as I have observed, without exception, always throw 

 the abnormal bushy, wiry growth. 



The Leaves. On trees affected with this disease the 

 leaves usually turn yellow, giving the whole tree a sickly or 

 yellow appearance, resulting in the common name of this mal- 

 ady. Frequently the red spotted fruit appears on certain 

 branches or even on the whole tree before any marked yellow- 

 ing occurs. Generally, however, the inside leaves, at least, 



