SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 93 



tains a dark, oramilar substance, which causes a dark colored 

 emulsion, or, if very abundant, prevents the formation of an 

 emulsion. Before using- crude petroleum of this nature it 

 should be strained through four tliicknesses of cheese-cloth. 

 Crude petroleum is subject to slight fluctuations in price, but 

 may usually be obtained for about 11 or 12 cents per gallon. 

 The Standard Oil Company quote it at 12 cents by the barrel, 

 at their nearest shipping point. The Derrick Oil Company, 

 Titusville, Pa., quote it at 12-)4 cents, delivered at any station 

 in Connecticut. 



Kerosene, which is a refined product of crude petroleum, 

 may usually be purchased at 8^ or 9 cents per gallon by the 

 barrel. 



Directions for Use. 

 The necessary materials should be ordered long before 

 spraying time arrives. The quantity required will depend 

 upon the number and size of the trees to be sprayed. The 

 amount of spray material required per tree varies from one 

 quart for young trees to five or six gallons for large apple 

 trees. For every 1,000 gallons of emulsion or spray mixture, 

 approximately the following quantities are required : 



Carbolic acid 2^ gallons 



Fish oil 2^ gallons 



Caustic potash 5 pounds 



Kerosene 3^ gallons 



Crude petroleum 40 gallons 



Rosin oil 7 gallons 



One gallon of "soluble oil" to 75 of water is recommended, 

 although a weaker mixture, 1 to 19, has produced good results. 

 If the "soluble oil" has been standing long after being made, 

 it should be thoroughly stirred before using. When satisfied 

 that it will readily mix with water, three gallons may be poured 

 into a fifty-gallon spray barrel, which is afterwards filled u]) 

 with water. This will give approximately the proper propor- 

 tion. 



It is extreme!}- important that clean utensils be used. A 

 barrel in which Bordeaux mixture has been used is unsafe for 

 oil emulsion unless verv thoroughlv cleansed. The small 



