102 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



part of it out and the remainder we sawed the Hmbs off to 

 three or four feet from the trunk, to start a new top. Our 

 Baldwins, tliough none of them had to come out, there was 

 scarcely a tree that you couldn't find live scale on, and the 

 next winter we took the top story off of them. 



A year ago last Spring we put two power rigs in the 

 orchard the greater part of April. Spraying with lime and 

 sulphur all that we could, and finishing up with oil and doing 

 thorough work, and the following season, which saw the 

 scale spread more than all the preceding years that it had 

 been in our locality, we had the least scale in our main 

 orchards that we had had since we started spraying, and we 

 were able to sell our apples at the top market price with prac- 

 tically no loss from scale. 



Last year we sprayed more thoroughly than ever and 

 the results make us believe that we have won out. Our pears 

 and plums became infested about the same time as our apples. 

 We have used the lime and sulphur on them almost exclu- 

 sively. Five years ago we had a Fellenberg prune orchard 

 so badly infested that we could not market a large part of the 

 fruit. The next year we commenced spraying the entire 

 block, and a year ago we packed about 15,000 baskets of 

 prunes from the same orchard, and I don't believe you could 

 have found a basket full of scaly fruit in the whole lot. 



In our various orchards at present we have three eight 

 to ten-horse power boilers with elevated vats for cooking the 

 lime-sulphur and crude oil emulsion, and use four power 

 sprayers and two hand sprayers. . In spraying for scale we 

 use three remedies : pure crude oil, lime and sulphur, and 

 crude oil emulsion. The crude oil we use in our large apple 

 orchards, put on just before the buds open. This treatment 

 we recommend as a last resort where the trees have l)een 

 badly neglected. In applying the oil we use one very fine 

 nozzle with plenty of pressure; we endeavor to com- 

 mence at one point on a tree and proceed from there over it, 

 being careful not to cover the same parts more than once, 

 for, just as soon as you do, you are endangering the tree. 



