40 GREENHOUSE MANAGEMENT. 



the heating pipes are under the benches, the roots may 

 be in soil as dry as ashes, although the top soil may be 

 quite wet. On the other hand, serious injury may occur 

 when too much water is used, particularly on solid beds 

 during the dark days of winter, but if the above rule is 

 observed, the danger of injury will be greatly reduced. 

 The use of too much water, especially if accompanied 

 by a high temperature, without ventilation, is likely to 

 cause the development of galls upon the roots, and if 

 numerous, the entire crop may be ruined, and it will 

 often result in the rotting of the stems and lower leaves, 

 even though the galls do not appear. 



On the other hand, water should be used freely in 

 syringing the plants, wetting the soil as little as possible, 

 for the first few days after planting, repeating whenever 

 the foliage becomes dry, and upon warm, bright days 

 throughout the season, but it should only be done early 

 in the day, in order that the foliage may dry off, as, if 

 it remains moist over night, it will invite the presence of 

 the rust and other fungi. During dull weather the 

 plants should not be syringed, and care should be taken, 

 when it becomes necessary to apply water to the soil, 

 that it does not wet the foliage. If there is danger of 

 the air becoming so dry as to invite the appearance of 

 the red spider, water can be used freely on the walks 

 and about the house, and in this way the needed mois- 

 ture will be provided. 



STAKING AND TRELLISING. 



As soon as the plants have become established, ar- 

 rangements should be made for supporting them. For- 

 merly wooden or cane stakes were used for the purpose, 

 but they were not firm enough in the soil of shallow 

 beds, and the ends quickly rotted off. In tying the 

 stems to the stakes, they are generally so drawn together 

 that growth is hindered, and when it comes to cutting 



