ON FAUMS. 31 



produced hay the last season. I spread annually upon my 

 grass lands S or 10 cords of compost manure ; this is done most- 

 ly in November. 



Manure — Means. Under the eastern corner of my barn I 

 have made a cellar, which is near 40 feet long, 14 wide, and 7 

 deep ; five feet of the width is made a part of the cellar by a 

 roof built out from the side of the barn a little above the sills. 

 I conveniently get the droppings from my cows, oxen and 

 horses into the middle of the cellar; but were the wliolc of the 

 cellar under the barn these would fall at one side. The cellar 

 has a plank floor, laid in clay, and little if any urine escapes 

 from it. The front of the cellar is closed by three doors, each 

 sufficiently wide to admit the cart. The eastern corner of the 

 barn-yard is a basin of 3 or 4 rods area, the central part of 

 which is a foot or two lower than the circumference. My hog- 

 yard is about 28 feet long and 20 wide. This is sunk 3 or 4 

 feet below the surface of the surrounding ground, except on the 

 side next the hog-house ; there it so slopes that the swine can 

 easily pass in and out. The whole is paved with small stones, 

 and no water escapes from it. At the ends the bank is so sloped 

 as to permit the passing in of the cart, but at the side opposite 

 the hog-house the bank is perpendicular. From this it is very 

 convenient putting in materials for making manure. The yard 

 is divided into three pens, each of which connects with a pen in 

 the hog-house. Within 60 or 80 rods from my barn I have an 

 abundance of meadow mud. 



Manner of malcing Manure. At night my cows are in the 

 barn, over the cellar, during the whole year, excepting about 

 one month, while I am getting my hay. Three swine usually 

 are kept in the cellar. Early in June, when the cellar is empty, 

 I put into it 3 small loads of meadow mud ; the droppings from 

 the cows at night are daily thrown down upon this, and the pigs 

 are at work among it ; in a iew days I again put in meadow 

 mud ; and after ten or twelve days again put in a small load at 

 each door. About the first of August I take all the manure 

 from the cellar and put it upon ground which I then sow with 

 turnips ; the quantity usually about two cords. Then I put in 



