AN ORCHARD SURVEY AND WHAT IT MEANS. 



BY PROFESSOK JOHN CRAIG, CORNELL UXIVEESITY, ITHACA, X. Y. 



Abstract of an illustrated lecture delivered before the Society, 

 February, 4, 1905. 



The purposes. The purposes of an orchard survey are mani- 

 fold : 



1. To correlate geologic and soil characters and conditions. 



2. To compare successes and failures and ascertain underlying 

 causes. 



3. To investigate methods of orchard management and to 

 determine the influence of each. 



4. Finally, and in short, to collect and tabulate such a mass of 

 data upon practical apple gro^^nng as will place many moot ques- 

 tions beyond the range of peradventure, and furnish indisputable 

 evidence for the assistance of those who are horticultural leaders 

 and teachers. 



A General View of the Apple Industry. 



" The * value of the orchard pi-oducts on the farm has increased 

 fi'om 33 cents per capita in 1850 to $1.11 per capita in 1900. If 

 all fruits are included the value would be about fifty per cent 

 greater: the amount for 1900 being $1.74 per capita. Much 

 more than these amounts must be spent by the consumer, for the 

 transportation, commissions and profits increase the cost several 

 times. A larger proportion of the crop may now be exported, 

 but the great change has been in the creation of a home demand 

 for fi-esh fruit, such as does not exist in any other country. The 

 great fruit market of the world is the American workman, and 

 his staple fruit is the aj^ple. 



* From Bulletin 220, Cornell University Experiment Station. 



