154 I^AKE SUPERIOR. 



lists I have indicated as nearly as possible the analogous species 

 whose location is the same in Europe.* 



SuBALPiNE Plants of Lake European Plants occurrtxg in 



Superior. the Subalpine Region. 



ranunculace^. 

 Anemone parviflora Michx. Anemone sylvestris L. 



" multifida DC. In Europe the Anemones are for the 



most part alpine plants, but those 

 " pennsylvanica L. only whose carpels are plumose, 



and which ought to be generally 

 considered as a peculiar genus. 

 Anemone sylvestris, the only 

 European species which agrees 

 with the American ones, occurs 

 in the plains. 

 Ranunculus repens L. Ranunculus repens L. 



" micranthus Nutt. Jura and Alps. In the Alps it 



rises to the height of 4,000 feet. 

 Thalictrum Cornuti L.f Thalictrum minus L. Creux du S^ent. 



Actsa rubra Willd. Actaja spicata L. Woods of the high- 



" alba Bigel. er Jura. 



CTSTACEJE. 



Helianthemum canadense M. Helianthemum vulgare J. Pastures 



of the lower Alps and Jura. 



* All the plants enumerated below were collected by me and some of the gentlemen 

 of our party, who took particular interest in the study of botany, as C. G. Loring, Jr., 

 T. M. Lea, J. E. Cabot and Dr. Keller. They were for the most part determined on 

 the spot with the excellent work of my friend Prof. Asa Gray on the Botany of the 

 Northern United States. Afterwards my collection was revised by Dr. Gray himself, 

 and by Messrs. Leo Lesquereux and Ed. Tuckerman ; the latter of whom examined 

 the lichens with particular care, while Mr. Lesquereux revised more particularly the 

 mosses, and furnished me with very minute information about the distribution of plants 

 in Switzerland, to which I had myself paid a good deal of attention in former years. 

 I owe it nevertheless to his contributions upon this particular point, that I have been 

 able to carry my comparisons of the plants of Lake Superior and Central Europe so 

 much into detail as I have done. Prof. Gray has also furnished me with very import- 

 ant documents respecting the distribution of many species, beyond the regions I, have 

 examined myself. The general views, however, derived from this study, as I have 

 expressed them in the preceding and following pages, so far as they are new, are my 

 own. 



f This and several other plants of this list have a rather extensive range southwards ; 

 but this seems to be in accordance with the general direction of the mountain chains 

 and the form of the American continent itself, in w ich both animals and plants pecu- 

 liar to the arctic and temperate zones extend farther south, than their analogues in 

 the Old World. 



