14 TOBACCO : ITS HISTORY. 



the nose cut off. In Transylvania the penalty for 

 growing tobacco was a total confiscation of pro- 

 perty, and for using the w^eed a fine varying from 

 three to 200 florins. In 1653 the Council of the 

 Canton of Appenzel cited smokers before them, 

 whom they punished, and they ordered all inn- 

 keepers to inform against such as were found 

 smoking in their houses. The police regulations 

 of Berne, made in 1661, were divided according 

 to the Ten Commandments, the various prohibi- 

 tions being classed with reference to each com- 

 mandment, and the prohibition against smoking 

 stood immediately beneath the command against 

 adultery — for what reason it is impossible to say, 

 unless it arose from the fact that the tobacco-plant 

 is, like many others, a sort of vegetable Mormon, 

 belonging to the order styled Pewtoyzc??'za monogy- 

 nia — as it were, a female polygamist. This pro- 

 hibition was renewed in 1675, and the tribunal 

 instituted to put it into execution, the Chambre 

 au Tahac^ continued down to the middle of the 

 last century. Pope Innocent XIL, in 1590, ex- 

 communicated all those who were found taking 

 snuff, or using tobacco in any way, in the church 



