80 THE MAGAZINE OF HORTICULTURE. 



It seems to me that the split and broken surface of the bark, 

 on trees so managed, is caused by an extra evaporation of the 

 fluids through the epidermis, which can only be checked by 

 leaving the protection nature has furnished. If my prem- 

 ises be correct, another injurious effect will become apparent ; 

 the branches and leaves being so reduced, less sap is elabor- 

 ated, the stem and als6 the roots of the tree suffer in growth, 

 and thus a radical check is given, the first season, that it 

 requires several years to restore to health, if, indeed, it ever 

 recover from the effects of such an ordeal. 



The two abuses above mentioned are sufficient to destroy 

 young trees in our American climate, and the planter feels 

 discouraged in his attempts at fruit culture. Let him reflect 

 that '■ there is no effect without a cause,"' and but few causes 

 so remote as to elude detection. 



That the branches should receive a somewhat correspond- 

 ing reduction with the roots, I do not deny, (that is, when 

 transplanted,) but it ought to be done judiciously, by short- 

 ening in the several branches, of course leaving them 

 down almost to the ground. In such a way, the stem may 

 be sufficiently protected from the evils I have hinted at. In 

 after-pruning, care should be taken never to redike the 

 branches too much at one time, but gradually produce a stem 

 as the branches expand to shade it. 



On this subject I have said as much as I intended, and 

 trust it will meet the approbation of fruit cultivators and or- 

 chard ists generally. 



The above, though intended for the latitude of the South, 

 is equally applicable here, and the remarks of our correspond- 

 ent on the abuses of pruning deserve especial attention. — Ed. 



POMOLOGICAL GOSSIP. 



Do Varieties of Fruits Change ? — A memoir has re- 

 cently been brought to the notice of the Academy of Sciences, 



