CONTENTS 15 



Free Timber Privileges: Conservation Activity in Congress; Increasing Appro- 

 priations for Timber Protection: Other Helpful Legislation: Railway Land 

 Grants Once More: The Act of 1916: The Northern Pacific Lands. 



CHAPTER VIII: HOSTILITY TO THE NATIONAL FOR- 

 ESTS IN RECENT YEARS: OPPOSITION TO THE GEN- 

 ERAL POLICY OF RESERVATION 254 



Opposition to the General Policy of Reservation; Interference with the Develop- 

 ment of the West: Inclusion of Agricultural Lands: Efforts to Eliminate Agri- 

 cultural Lands; The Nelson Amendm«nt: Justice of the Complaints Regarding 

 the Inclusion of Agricultural Lands: The Question of Ranger Stations: Grazing 

 in the National Forests: Mining in the National Forests: Water Power Develop- 

 ment in the National Forests: Withdrawal of Other Resources: Opposition to 

 Saving for Posterity: Discrimination against the West: Opposition to Game 

 Preservation: Loss of Taxing Power: Justice of Complaints Regarding Loss of 

 Taxing Power: Inclusion of State Lands in the National Forests: Robbing the 

 Western Forests for the Eastern Forests: Objection to an "Alien Government." 



CHAPTER IX: HOSTILITY TO THE NATIONAL FORESTS 

 IN RECENT YEARS (continued): CRITICISM OF THE 



FOREST SERVICE 284 



The "Insolvency" of the National Forests and Alleged Extravagance of the 

 Forest Service: Justice of These Complaints: The Timber Sale Policy of the 

 Forest Service: The Forest Lieu Act Again: Heyburn's Criticisms: The Real 

 Attitude of the West: Safety of the National Forests. 



CHAPTER X: THE WORK OF THE FOREST SERVICE . 299 



Advice and Assistance to Private Owners: Cooperation with States: Protection 

 of Fish and Game: Recreational Uses of the Forests: Assistance to Grazing 

 Interests: Investigative Work: Silvicultural Investigations: Forestation: Inves- 

 tigation of Forest Influences: Other Silvicultural Investigations: Investigations 

 in Forest Products: Forest Products Research and the War. 



CHAPTER XI: RESULTS OF OUR FOREST POLICY: CON- 

 CENTRATION IN THE OWNERSHIP OF STANDING 



TIMBER 315 



Concentration of Ownership in Terms of Board Feet: Acreage Figures: Con- 

 centration of Ownership in the Northwest: The Three Big Holdings of the 

 Northwest: Ownership in the Southern Pine Region: Ownership in the Lake 

 States: Comparison of Ownership in the Different Regions: Timber Ownership 

 outside the Investigation Area: Factors Augmenting the Power of Large Hold- 

 ers; Large Holdings Proportionately More Valuable: Large Holders Have the 

 Most Valuable Lands: Large Holdings Include the Most Valuable Species: 

 Causes of Concentration of Ownership; Railroad Land Grants: Swamp Land 

 Grants: Other State Grants: The Cash Sale Law: Lieu Selections and Large 

 Holdings: Large Holdings Normal in Timber Ownership: Speculation. 



