THE PERIOD OF CONSERVATION 145 



state lands in the northern timbered portion of the state. Wisconsin 

 now has nearly 400,000 acres of state forest lands. In 1900, Minne- 

 sota entered upon a policy of forest reservation, and established a 

 state forest service a decade later. Michigan passed a law in 1907 

 withdrawing from sale 40,000 acres of agricultural college lands, 

 and the state now owns over 200,000 acres of state forests. In 1908, 

 Vermont made state forests possible by creating a Board of Agri- 

 culture and Forestry, with authority to purchase lands for the state ; 

 and Vermont now has a small areia of state forest land. New Hamp- 

 shire recently provided for the purchase of Crawford Notch. New 

 Jersey now has about 14,000 acres of state forest lands, and Con- 

 necticut a smaller amount, while South Dakota has 80,000 acres, 

 carrying 250,000,000 feet of western yellow pine. Several American 

 cities have even established forests, usually for watershed protection. 

 Salt Lake City has about 25,000 acres, Newark, New Jersey, over 

 22,000 acres, and Asheville, North Carolina, Hartford, Connecticut, 

 and Lynchburg, Virginia, have smaller amounts.^ 



Comparatively few of the states own any public forests, but al- 

 most all have established some agency to look after forest matters. 

 In some of the states, single foresters have been appointed — in Maine 

 (1891), Connecticut (1901), Massachusetts (1904), Vermont 

 (1904), and Rhode Island (1906).' Other states, following the lead 

 of New York in 1885, have provided for commissions or boards — New 

 Hampshire (1893), Wisconsin (1897) (a temporary commission, 

 followed by a permanent Forestry Board in 1905), Michigan and 

 Minnesota (1899),^ Indiana (1901), New Jersey (1905), Washing- 

 ton (1905), Maryland and Kentucky (1906), Alabama and Oregon 

 (1907). Hawaii created a Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry in 

 1902, and in 1903, a Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and 

 Forestry. In 1905, the California Board of Forestry, which had been 

 abolished by politics in 1893, was again revived.® Many of the ap- 



^ Proceedings, Society of Am. Foresters; July, 1913, 202: Forestry and Irriga- 

 tion, Feb., 1906, 80; Aug., 1907, 403: American Forestry, May, 1911, 253; Jan., 

 1912, 62; May, 1917, 306: Smithsonian Report, 1910, 433: Am. Lumberman, Oct. 7, 

 1916, 28. 



7 Fernow, "History of Forestry," 428: Kinney, "Forest Law in America." 



8 The oiRce of fire warden had been created in Minnesota in 1895. 



9 Information regarding these commissions has been taken from the annual 



