ANTI-CONSERVATION ACTIVITY 199 



staunch friend of Roosevelt, Spooner of Wisconsin, and Proctor of 

 Vermont likewise took up the defense of the administration ; and they 

 were ably supported by a number of western men — Newlands of 

 Nevada, Smoot of Utah, Dubois of Idaho, Warren of Wyoming,®" and 

 Perkins and Flint of California. It is true that the strongest opposi- 

 tion came from the West, but it was no longer strictly a case of West 

 versus East on the question of timber conservation ; and after several 

 days of debate, it seemed that the forest reserves were safe. 



On February 23, however, Fulton arose in the Senate with an 

 amendment, "That hereafter no forest reserve shall be created, nor 

 shall any addition be made to one heretofore created, within the limits 

 of the states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Colorado or 

 Wyoming, except by act of Congress."®^ Heyburn did not think this 

 quite radical enough, so Carter tried to tack on a provision opening 

 some of the lands which had been reserved, but, at the suggestion of 

 Patterson of Colorado, this attempt was abandoned. Heyburn made 

 it perfectly clear, however, that while he would accept Fulton's 

 amendment as sufficient for the time, ultimately the forest reserves 

 already created would have to be reduced in some way.®* It seems 

 reasonably clear that Heyburn was prepared with a filibuster on the 

 appropriation bill if Fulton's amendment were not agreed to, and 

 that the Senate understood this perfectly well, for after considerable 

 debate, the amendment passed without even a call for the yeas and 

 nays,®** and in neither of the conference committees was it in any way 

 changed. 



THE ACT OF 1907 



The appropriation bill as finally passed,"'' like the act of June 4, 

 1897, was a series of compromises ; but, unlike the earlier act, it made 

 the most important concessions to the anti-conservationists. The con- 

 servation party secured a $1,000,000 increase in the appropriation 



86 The attitude of Warren at this time was creditable to him, for he had just 

 been Involved in a bitter contest with Hitchcock regarding certain fences on the 

 public domain, and he might easily have taken a more active part in the attacks 

 upon the secretary. (See H. Report 1335; 62 Cong. 3 sess.) 



87 Cong. Rec, Feb. 23, 1907, 3720. 



88 Ibid., 3722. 



89 Cong. Rec, Feb. 25, 1907, 3869. 



90 Stat. 34, 1269. 



