RESULTS OF OUR FOREST POLICY 319 



five largest holders owned 73 per cent. The holdings of the Weyer- 

 haeuser Timber Company, the Northern Pacific, and three others 

 contained 43.4 per cent of all the privately owned timber in the state 

 of Washington — the second greatest timber state in the Union. 



The situation in western Oregon has so greatly changed with the 

 forfeiture of the Southern Pacific lands in this section in 1916, that 

 the figures of the Bureau of Corporations are no longer accurate. 

 Besides the Southern Pacific, however, there have been several impor- 

 tant holders here. The Weyerhaeuser Timber Company itself owned, 

 in 1914, 380,599 acres in Oregon, largely acquired from the Northern 

 Pacific Railroad Company by the purchase of lieu selections. C. A. 

 Smith owned about 250,000 acres here; the Booth-Kelly Lumber 

 Company, closely affiliated with the Weyerhaeusers, about 324,000 

 acres ; and several other lumber companies owned large tracts. 



In the sugar pine and western pine forests of northeastern Cali- 

 fornia, the Southern Pacific was the dominating holder. In this region 

 was also, however, the immensely valuable holding of Thomas B. 

 Walker, the largest individual (non-corporate) timber owner in the 

 country, amounting to over 750,000 acres. The Southern Pacific 

 Railroad and Thomas B. Walker together controlled half of the 

 private timber in this area, and these two, with four other holders, 

 owned 70 per cent. 



In the redwood lands of the north California coast, the stand of 

 timber is exceedingly heavy, running often from 100,000 to 150,000 

 feet per acre and sometimes even as high as 1,000,000 feet, so that, 

 in the territory covered by four counties, there is nearly as much 

 timber as in the entire three Lake states ; and here was found an 

 unusually high concentration in timber ownership. Forty-one per cent 

 of the total redwood in this district was owned by six holders. The 

 twenty-three largest holders owned 79 per cent of the timber, and 

 among these holders there was interrelation, through common stock 

 ownership and common directorships. In no other species of timber 

 did the holders of 60,000,000 feet or over own as large a percentage 

 of the total amount of the species. Even in cypress, where ownership 

 is highly concentrated, such owners had only 72 per cent of all, and 

 in white and Norway pine, 80 per cent; while in redwood they had 

 93 per cent. 



