330 UNITED STATES FOREST POLICY 



In Florida, railroad grants have been much less important than 

 swamp land grants. The total received from the Federal government 

 by four land grant railroads here was 2,200,000 acres. It should be 

 stated, however, that Florida gave over 8,500,000 of its swamp land 

 grant to various railroads, and in this way state railroad grants 

 greatly facilitated the assembling of large holdings in Florida, for 

 almost all of this land is now included within some of the many large 

 holdings in this state.'* 



SWAMP LAND GRANTS 



Swamp land grants are responsible for most of the immense hold- 

 ings in Florida, and for some in Michigan. Over 780,000 acres of the 

 land belonging in 1914 to the Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company inter- 

 ests in the upper peninsula of Michigan, were originally part of a 

 swamp land grant; so also were some 87,000 acres belonging to the 

 Detroit, Mackinac & Marquette Railroad ; 45,000 acres belonging to 

 the Escanaba Lumber Company; 26,000 acres belonging to the 

 Worcester Lumber Company (Ltd.), 23,000 owned by the I. Stephen- 

 son interests ; and smaller amounts owned by various holders. Without 

 doubt, many of the large holdings in W^isconsin, Minnesota, and in 

 some other states were likewise originally included in swamp land 

 grants.* 



OTHER STATE GRANTS 



A few large holdings were traced to other varieties of grants to the 

 states. Two large holders in Oregon had all their lands in sections 16 

 and 36. Thomas B. Walker owned over 100,000 acres of California 

 state lands in northeastern California, part of it composed of school 

 sections ; and the Collins interests, the McCloud River Lumber Com- 

 pany and the Diamond Match Company had smaller amounts. The 

 Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company owned a large amount of the land 

 granted to Michigan for educational purposes. The Potlatch Lumber 

 Company had 80,000 acres in Idaho which were acquired from the 



in 1887. (See references cited in "Lumber Industry," IL 147. This Gould holding 

 has recently been sold by the Gould estate.) 



5 Cross Reference, pp. 53-55. 



6 Cross Reference, p. 46. 



