FOREST MENSURATION. 



193 



of the Minnesota woods is six feet in length. In making 

 an examination of the end of a log, the rough graining 

 of the saw must often be smoothed away before the rings 



Fig. 66. — The accretion-borer, showing handle, hollow auger, with 

 drawing-pin, and a core of wood extracted. The handle is hollow 

 with screw caps, so that the other parts may be carried inside 

 when not in use. 



can be counted readily, and this is well accomplished with 

 a sharp knife, cutting a broad V notch from the centre 

 to the circumference. 



Miscellaneous Instruments used by the forester. For 

 marking logs, blazing trees, cutting away limbs, etc., a 

 hand axe is a desirable addition to the equipment. It 

 should be small, so as to be conveniently carried in the 

 pocket or in the belt, and should have a leather guard to 

 protect the edge when not in use. As saws and axes will 

 not keep sharp long if used, a grindstone, whetstones, 

 files, and saw sets should be provided. In calipering trees 

 on a small area across which it is necessary to make several 

 trips, the surveyor avoids repetitions by marking the bark 

 of each tree, as he calipers it, with a metal scratcher carried 

 in one hand. Sometimes a pair of climbers are used to get 



