72 Additional Information, 



it cannot be otherwise, when the duty is 36^. per quarter, or 150 per cent, on the 

 present price of barley, 24s. the quarter. Malsters who wet 150 or 200 quarters 

 of barley, bringing up a family of five or six children decently, have not a capital 

 to continue the trade, the duty being paid every six weeks; and since the late re- 

 gulation that no liquor should be put after it comes out of the cistern, there is now 

 no increase, which was a source of considerable profit. Another cause (and I 

 believe the greatest evil of all), that prevents the demand for barley, is the small 

 quantity of malt used by the common brewers in proportion to the quantity of beer 

 brewed ; sugar, in some form or another, being substituted in its place. Formerly 

 a heavy penalty attached to a brewer who had above ten pounds of molasses or 

 sugar on his premises : that, I have heard, is done away, and some encouragement 

 given by the Legislature to use sugar. 



My malster informed me, he sold a carriage of malt to Horsham ; on that day 

 fortnight he went for his money ; the dray coming with some empty casks, the 

 brewer pointed to them, told him he had brewed his malt, carried it to Brighton, 

 it was drank, and there were the casks. No beer brewed with malt and hops would 

 have been fit to drink. Sugar was, probably, the chief ingredient. The late scar- 

 city brought it into general use, and there are now brewers' chemists, (see a 

 pamphlet written by one Childs on this subject,) where you may be supplied with 

 colouring, (i. e. sugar boiled down to the consistence of pitch,) bitters, which is also 

 sugar heated in a brass cauldron till red hot, heading, and many other articles : so that 

 not above one bushel of malt in four is used for this liquor, which cannot be called 

 beer, is very intoxicating, and therefore very hurtful to the health and morals of 

 the lower class of people, nicknamed by them the nimble nine-pence; that is, they 

 can get drunk for that sum, when with beer brewed with malt and hops their de- 

 bauch will cost a shilling. I have one more observation to make, no better course 

 of crops has hitherto been adopted, than turnips — barley — clover — wheat. It is 

 so connected, that if one link fails it prejudices the whole course. The barley 

 trade being abolished will naturally affect it. After turnips, sow half a field with 

 barley, half with oats, the same day, the same culture ; the clover sown with the 

 barley will be better than if sown with oats, or other grain. Facts are stubborn 

 things, and this is the fact. On the goodness of the clover crop depends, in a great 

 measure, the succeeding wheat. Now, since the increased duty on malt, the lime 

 kilns at Rudborough, near Petworth, formerly worked at Candlemas, for lime to 



